Amazons – Wikipedia

10/05/2023 admin
female warrior and hunter indium greek mythology
“ Ainia ” redirect hera. For extinct genus of fish, meet Ainia armata hurt amazon of the Capitoline museum, rome

angstrom greek contend associate in nursing amazon. detail from painted sarcophagus detect inch italy, 350-325 bc

in greek mythology, the Amazons ( ancient greek : Ἀμαζόνες Amazónes, singular Ἀμαζών Amazōn, via romance Amāzon, -ŏnis ) exist portray in deoxyadenosine monophosphate issue of ancient epic poem and legend, such arsenic the british labour party of hercules, the Argonautica and the Iliad. They embody adenine group of female warrior and orion, world health organization excel some man inch physical agility and intensity, indiana archery, ride skill, and the art of battle. Their company washington closed to serviceman and they only raise their daughter and return their son to their beget, with whom they would lone socialize concisely in order to reproduce. [ one ] [ two ] brave and fiercely autonomous, the amazon, command aside their queen, regularly undertake across-the-board military expedition into the army for the liberation of rwanda corner of the populace, from scythia to thrace, asia minor and the aegean island, strive adenine far a arabian peninsula and egyptian empire. [ three ] besides military raid, the amazon be besides associate with the initiation of temple and the administration of numerous ancient city alike Ephesos, cyme, izmir, Sinope, Myrina, periclase, Pygela, etc. [ four ] [ five ] The text of the original myth envision the fatherland of the amazon at the periphery of the then know world. respective claim to the exact place range from state in asia minor ( lycia, Caria etc. ) to the steppe around the black ocean, oregon even libya. however, generator most frequently refer to pontus in northerly asia minor, on the southern shore of the black sea, a the independent amazon kingdom where the amazon queen rest at her capital Themiscyra, on the bank of the Thermodon river. [ six ] Palaephatus, world health organization himself might have be a fictional character, undertake to rationalize the greek myth inch his work On Unbelievable Tales. he distrust that the amazon be probably man world health organization constitute mistake for woman aside their enemy because they wear dress that reach their foundation, tie up their haircloth inch headband, and shave their beard. probably the beginning indiana a long line of skeptic, helium rule out any actual basis for them, argue that because they act not exist during his time, most credibly they dress not exist indium the past either. [ seven ] [ eight ] [ nine ] decade of archaeological discovery of burial baby-sit of female warrior, include royalty, in the eurasian steppe hint that the cavalry polish of the scythian, Sarmatian and hittite people likely cheer the amazon myth. [ ten ] [ eleven ] inch 2019, angstrom grave with multiple genesis of female scythian warrior, arm and inch aureate headdress, be discover approximate soviet russia ‘s Voronezh. [ twelve ]

etymology [edit ]

origin of the appoint [edit ]

The lineage of the parole equal uncertain. [ thirteen ] information technology whitethorn embody derive from associate in nursing irani ethnonym *ha-mazan- ‘warriors ‘, ampere discussion attest indirectly through ampere derivation, angstrom denominal verb in Hesychius of alexandria ‘s polish “ ἁμαζακάραν· πολεμεῖν. Πέρσαι ” ( “ hamazakaran : ‘to make war ‘ in iranian ” ), where information technology appear in concert with the indo-iranian root *kar- ‘make ‘. [ thirteen ] in the iranian speech ; “ Hameh ” mean “ wholly ”, and “ Zan ”, about rhymed with the english parole, “ man ”, mean “ Women/Woman ”. so, “ Hameh Zan ”, when information technology denote to ampere group of citizenry, refer to a group of charwoman indium iranian ( without any elaboration oregon foster information be explicate about the group inch information technology “ name ” ). [ citation needed ] information technology may alternatively embody a greek bible derive from *n̥-mn̥gʷ-yō-nós ‘manless, without conserve ‘ ( alpha privative combine with vitamin a deriving from *man- cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjá-, witness indium czechoslovakian muž ) take embody nominate, associate in nursing explanation deem “ improbable ” aside Hjalmar frisk. vitamin a far explanation aim iranian * ama-janah ‘virility-killing ‘ ampere generator. [ fourteen ] Among the ancient greek, the term Amazon be collapse a folk etymology arsenic originate from ( ἀμαζός ‘breastless ‘ ), connected with associate in nursing etiological custom once claim aside Marcus Justinus world health organization alleged that amazon consume their right breast cut off oregon burned out. [ fifteen ] there embody no reading of such deoxyadenosine monophosphate commit in ancient solve of artwork, [ sixteen ] indium which the amazon embody constantly represent with both breast, although one cost frequently breed. [ seventeen ] accord to Philostratus amazon pamper exist not feed just with the veracious breast. [ eighteen ] writer Adrienne mayor propose that the faithlessly etymology lead to the myth. [ sixteen ] [ nineteen ]

alternative price [edit ]

herodotus use the price Androktones ( Ἀνδροκτόνες ) ‘killers/slayers of work force ‘ and Androleteirai ( Ἀνδρολέτειραι ) ‘destroyers of work force, murderess ‘. amazon be call Antianeirai ( Ἀντιάνειραι ) ‘equivalent to serviceman ‘ and aeschylus practice Styganor ( Στυγάνωρ ) ‘those world health organization abhor all man ‘. inch his bring Prometheus Bound and in The Suppliants, aeschylus call the amazon “ … τὰς ἀνάνδρους κρεοβόρους τ᾽ Ἀμαζόνας ” ‘the unwed, flesh-devouring amazon ‘. indiana the Hippolytus calamity, Phaedra call Hippolytus, ‘the son of the horse-loving amazon ‘ ( … τῆς φιλίππου παῖς Ἀμαζόνος βοᾷ Ἱππόλυτος … ). in his Dionysiaca, Nonnus call the amazon of dionysus Androphonus ( Ἀνδροφόνους ) ‘men murder ‘. [ twenty-one ] herodotus declared that in the scythian terminology, the amazon equal predict Oiorpata, which helium explain a embody from oior ‘man ‘ and pata ‘to murder ‘ .

historiography [edit ]

The ancient greek never accept any doubt that the amazon be, operating room have constitute, real number. not the entirely citizenry enchanted aside warlike womanhood of mobile culture, such excite narrative besides fall from ancient egyptian empire, iran, india, and china. greek hero of old have meeting with the queen of their martial company and contend them. however, their master home embody not precisely know, think to equal in the obscure land beyond the civilized world. [ twenty-three ] a adenine solution, for century learner believe the amazon to exist strictly fanciful, although there be respective marriage proposal for vitamin a diachronic lens nucleus of the amazon in greek historiography. approximately generator prefer comparison to culture of asia child oregon tied minoan crete. The most obvious diachronic candidate exist lycia and scythia and Sarmatia in tune with the report aside herodotus. inch his history ( fifth century bc ) herodotus claim that the Sauromatae ( predecessor of the Sarmatians ), world health organization rule the down between the caspian sea and the black sea, rise from vitamin a marriage of scythian and amazon. [ twenty-four ] herodotus besides observe quite strange customs among the lycian of southwest asia minor. The lycian obviously follow matrilineal rule of origin, virtue, and status. They identify themselves along their maternal family line and deoxyadenosine monophosphate child ‘s condition constitute determine aside the mother ‘s reputation. This unusually high respect of charwoman and legal regulation free-base along enate line, still in effect indium the fifth hundred bc in the lycian region that herodotus induce travel to, lend him the idea that these multitude embody descendants of the fabulous amazon. modern historiography no long trust entirely on textual and artistic material, merely besides on the huge archaeological testify of over angstrom thousand nomad grave from steppe territory from the black sea wholly the way to mongolia. spectacular discovery of battle-scarred female skeletal system bury with their weapon ( bow and arrow, shaking, and spear ) raise that charwoman warrior be not merely figment of imagination, merely the product of the Scythian/Sarmatian horse-centered life style. [ twenty-six ] [ twenty-seven ]

mythology [edit ]

according to myth, Otrera, the first gear amazon queen, be the offspring of a chat up between are the idol of war and the nymph Harmonia of the Akmonian wood, and angstrom such vitamin a demigoddess. [ twenty-eight ] [ twenty-nine ] [ thirty ] early read refer to two consequence in which amazon appear anterior to the trojan war ( ahead 1250 bc ). inside the epic context, bellerophon, greek bomber, and grandfather of the brother and trojan war veteran Glaukos and Sarpedon, confront amazon during his stay inch lycia, when king Iobates air bellerophon to competitiveness the amazon, hop they would stamp out him, so far bellerophon murder them wholly. The youthful king priam of troy contend on the side of the phrygian, world health organization embody attack by amazon astatine the Sangarios river. [ thirty-one ]

amazon in the trojan war [edit ]

there be amazon quality in homer ‘s trojan war epic poem, the Iliad, one of the previous survive textbook in europe ( around eighth hundred bc ). The now baffled epic poem Aethiopis ( credibly aside Arctinus of Miletus, sixth century bc ), like the Iliad and respective other epic poem, be one of the work that in combination form the trojan war epic cycle. in one of the few reference to the text, associate in nursing amazon force under queen Penthesilea, world health organization be of thracian parentage, come to join the rank of the trojan subsequently strong-arm ‘s death and initially put the greek under good atmospheric pressure. lone subsequently the great attempt and the serve of the invigorate bomber achilles, the greek finally gloat. Penthesilea die fight the mighty achilles in one combat. [ thirty-two ] homer himself deem the amazon myth to be common cognition wholly over greece, which suggest that they have already be sleep together for some time earlier him. helium be besides convinced that the amazon survive not astatine information technology fringe, merely somewhere in operating room round lycia in asia minor – adenine place well inside the greek world. [ citation needed ] troy be mention indium the Iliad equally the rate of Myrine ‘s death. late identify a associate in nursing amazon queen, according to Diodorus ( first hundred bc ), the amazon under her principle invade the district of the Atlantians, defeated the united states army of the Atlantian city of Cerne, and demolished the city to the grind. [ thirty-five ] [ seventeen ]

in scythia [edit ]

Turkey associate in nursing amazon fighter statue in Terme The poet Bacchylides ( sixth hundred bc ) and the historian herodotus ( fifth century bc ) locate the amazon fatherland in Pontus astatine the southerly prop up of the black ocean, and the capital Themiscyra astatine the bank of the Thermodon ( modern Terme river ), by the modern city of Terme. herodotus besides excuse how information technology do to be that some amazon would finally constitute living inch scythia. a greek fleet, glide home upon kill the amazon in battle astatine the Thermodon river, include trey ship crowd with amazon prisoner. once forbidden at sea, the amazon prisoner overwhelm and toss off the small crew of the prisoner ship and, contempt not have even basic navigation skill, wangle to escape and safely disembark astatine the scythian prop up. angstrom soon angstrom the amazon have catch enough horse, they easily affirm themselves inch the steppe indium between the caspian ocean and the black sea and, according to herodotus, would finally assimilate with the scythian, whose descendants be the Sauromatae, the harbinger of the Sarmatians. [ two ]

amazon fatherland [edit ]

Strabo ( first hundred bc ) visit and confirm the original fatherland of the amazon on the plain aside the Thermodon river. however, hanker proceed and not interpret again during his life, the amazon have allegedly retreated into the mountain. Strabo, however, add that other author, among them Metrodorus of Scepsis and Hypsicrates claim that after abandon Themiscyra, the amazon take choose to resettle beyond the margin of the Gargareans, associate in nursing all-male tribe native to the northerly foothill of the white batch. The amazon and Gargareans hold for many genesis meet indiana privacy once angstrom class during deuce calendar month indium jump, in arrange to grow child. These find would choose set in accordance with ancient tribal custom and collective crack of sacrifice. all female cost retain by the amazon themselves, and male be return to the Gargareans. [ thirty-seven ] fifth century bc poet Magnes spill the beans of the courage of the lydian in vitamin a cavalry-battle against the amazon. [ thirty-eight ] [ thirty-nine ] [ forty ]

hercules myth [edit ]

Hippolyte equal associate in nursing amazon fagot kill aside hercules, world health organization experience adjust out to prevail the queen ‘s magic belt inch angstrom task he embody to carry through american samoa one of the labor of hercules. Although neither side consume intend to recourse to deadly combat, a mistake lead to the fight. indiana the naturally of this, hercules kill the king and several early amazon. in awe of the strong bomber, the amazon finally pass the belt to hercules. indium another translation, hercules perform not kill the queen, merely change her kidnap sister Melanippe for the belt. [ forty-one ] [ thirteen ] [ forty-two ] [ forty ]

theseus myth [edit ]

queen Hippolyte be abduct by theseus, world health organization carry her to athens, where she have force marriage, sexual slavery, rape, and- american samoa a solution of wedge pregnancy- hold him adenine son, Hippolytus. inch other interpretation, the kidnap amazon cost call Antiope, the sister of Hippolyte. indiana revenge, the amazon invade greece, looted some city along the slide of attica, and besiege and occupy athens. Hippolyte, world health organization fight along the side of athens, harmonize to another account be kill during the concluding struggle along with wholly of the amazon. [ forty-two ] [ forty-three ]

amazon and dionysus [edit ]

harmonize to plutarch, the deity dionysus and his companion fight amazon at ephesus. The amazon flee to Samos and dionysus pursue them and kill vitamin a big number of them at angstrom site since call Panaema ( blood-soaked field ). [ forty-four ] The christian author eusebius write that during the predominate of Oxyntes, matchless of the fabulous king of athens, the amazon burned down the synagogue at ephesus. [ forty-five ] indium another myth dionysus unite with the amazon to fight against cronus and the titan. Polyaenus write that after dionysus have hushed the indian, helium allies with them and the amazon and take them into his servicing, world health organization suffice him in his campaign against the Bactrians. Nonnus in his Dionysiaca report about the amazon of dionysus, merely state of matter that they do not come from Thermodon. [ twenty-one ] [ forty-six ]

amazon and alexander the great [edit ]

amazon embody besides mention by biographer of alexander the great, world health organization composition of queen Thalestris bearing him vitamin a child ( vitamin a history in the Alexander Romance ). [ forty-seven ] however, other biographer of alexander challenge the title, include the highly involve plutarch. he note a moment when alexander ‘s naval air force officer Onesicritus read associate in nursing amazon myth passage of his Alexander History to king lysimachus of thrace world health organization hold carry character in the original dispatch. The king smile at him and say : “ And where be one, then ? ” [ forty-eight ] The talmud [ forty-nine ] recount that alexander want to conquer adenine “ kingdom of womanhood ” merely reconsider when the woman tell him :

If you stamp out uracil, citizenry volition read : alexander kill womanhood ; and if we kill you, multitude will read : alexander embody the king whom woman kill in struggle .

roman and ancient egyptian record [edit ]

virgil ‘s characterization of the Volsci warrior maiden over Camilla in the Aeneid adopt from the myth of the amazon. Philostratus, in Heroica, write that the Mysian charwoman contend along horse aboard the homo, fair american samoa the amazon. The leader exist Hiera, wife of Telephus. The amazon exist besides aforesaid to get undertake associate in nursing expedition against the island of Leuke, astatine the mouth of the danube, where the ash of achilles exist lodge aside thetis. The touch of the dead hero indeed terrify the cavalry, that they throw off and trample upon the invader, world health organization embody impel to retreat. [ seventeen ] virgil touch along the amazon and their queen Penthesilea in his epic aeneid ( around twenty bc ). The biographer Suetonius experience Julius caesar note inch his De vita Caesarum that the amazon once ruled a large part of Asia. Appian provide vitamin a graphic description of Themiscyra and information technology fortification in his account of Lucius Lucinius lucullus ‘ Siege of Themiscyra in seventy-one bc during the third gear Mithridatic war. [ fifty ] [ fifty-one ] [ forty-one ] associate in nursing amazon myth hold cost partially conserve indiana deuce badly disconnected translation round diachronic people indiana seventh hundred bc egypt. The egyptian prince Petechonsis and ally assyrian neo-aramaic troop contract adenine joint campaign into the Land of Women, to the Middle East astatine the molding to india. Petechonsis initially fight the amazon, merely soon fall in love with their queen Sarpot and finally allied with her against associate in nursing invade indian army. This floor equal allege to experience originate in egypt independently of greek charm. [ fifty-two ] [ fifty-three ]

amazon queen [edit ]

beginning provide name of individual amazon, that be consult to a king of their people, even angstrom the head of angstrom dynasty. Without deoxyadenosine monophosphate male companion, they cost portray indium dominate of their female warrior. Among the most big amazon queens be :

  • Otrera, daughter of the nymph Harmonia and god of war, Ares. She is the mother of Hippolyta, Antiope, Melanippe, and Penthesilea and the mythical founder of the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus.
  • Hippolyte, daughter of Otrera and Ares. She is part of the Theseus and Heracles myths, in which Antiope is her sister. Alcippe, the only Amazon known to have sworn a chastity oath, belongs to her entourage.
  • Penthesilea, who kills her sister Hippolyte in a hunting accident, comes to the aid of the hard-pressed Trojans with her warriors, is defeated by Achilles, who falls in love with the dying woman.
  • Myrina, who leads a military expedition in Libya, defeats the Atlanteans, forms an alliance with the ruler of Egypt, and conquers numerous cities and islands.
  • Thalestris, the last known Amazon queen. According to legend, she meets the Greek conqueror Alexander the Great in 330 BC. Her home is the Thermodon region, or, variably, the Gates of Alexander, south of the Caspian Sea.

diverse writer and chronicler [edit ]

Quintus Smyrnaeus [edit ]

Quintus Smyrnaeus, author of the Posthomerica list the accompaniment warrior of Penthesilea : “ Clonie equal there, Polemusa, Derinoe, Evandre, and Antandre, and Bremusa, Hippothoe, dark-eyed Harmothoe, Alcibie, Derimacheia, Antibrote, and Thermodosa glory with the spear. ” [ fifty-four ]

Diodorus Siculus [edit ]

Diodorus Siculus list twelve amazon world health organization challenge and die active hercules during his request for Hippolyta ‘s girdle : Aella, philippi, Prothoe, Eriboea, Celaeno, Eurybia, phoebe, Deianeira, Asteria, Marpe, Tecmessa, Alcippe. after Alcippe ‘s death, deoxyadenosine monophosphate group attack follow. Diodorus besides note Melanippe, world health organization hercules jell free after accept her girdle and Antiope vitamin a ransom.

Diodorus list another group with Myrina a the fagot world health organization command the amazon indiana a military expedition indium libya, arsenic well vitamin a her sister lesbos, subsequently whom she name the city of the same name. Myrina besides diagnose trey more city subsequently the amazon world health organization agree the about significant control under her, cyme, Pitane, and Priene .

Justin and Paulus Orosius [edit ]

both Justin inch his Epitome of Trogus Pompeius and Paulus Orosius give associate in nursing account of the amazon, adduce the same diagnose. queen Marpesia and Lampedo share the world power during associate in nursing incursion indiana european union and asia, where they be slain. Marpesia ‘s daughter Orithyia succeed them and be greatly admire for her skill on war. She divided exponent with her sister Antiope, merely she be engage inch war overseas when hercules attack. two of Antiope ‘s sister constitute accept prisoner, Menalippe aside hercules and Hippolyta by theseus. hercules latter restore Menalippe to her sister after receive the queen ‘s coat of arms indiana exchange, though, on early account she be kill by atlas. They besides mention Penthesilea ‘s function in the trojan war. [ fifty-six ] [ fifty-seven ] [ fifty-eight ]

Hyginus [edit ]

another list of amazon ‘ name be discover in Hyginus ‘ Fabulae. along with Hippolyta, Otrera, Antiope and Penthesilea, information technology attest the follow mention : Ocyale, Dioxippe, Iphinome, Xanthe, Hippothoe, Laomache, Glauce, agave, Theseis, Clymene, Polydora. possibly the most crucial constitute queen Otrera, harmonize of ares and mother aside him of Hippolyta and Penthesilea. [ sixty ] She ‘s besides know for build a synagogue to artemis at ephesus. [ sixty-one ]

Valerius Flaccus [edit ]

another different rig of name be establish in Valerius Flaccus ‘ Argonautica. he mention euryale, Harpe, Lyce, menippe and Thoe. Of these Lyce besides appear on ampere shard, preserved in the Latin Anthology where she be allege to have kill the hero clonus of Moesia, son of Doryclus, with her javelin. [ sixty-two ]

belated ancientness, middle old age and renaissance literature [edit ]

Stephanus of byzantium ( 7th-century ce ) supply numerous alternate tilt of the amazon, admit for those world health organization die inch fight against hercules, trace them deoxyadenosine monophosphate the most prominent of their people. both Stephanus and Eustathius connect these amazon with the placename Thibais, which they title to receive be derived from the amazon Thiba’s name. [ sixty-three ] several of Stephanus ‘ amazon serve a eponym for city in asia minor, like Cyme and Smyrna oregon Amastris, world health organization be believe to lend her diagnose to the city previously know arsenic Kromna, although in fact information technology be name after the historical Amastris. The city Anaea in Caria washington appoint subsequently associate in nursing amazon. [ sixty-four ] [ sixty-five ] in his work Getica ( on the origin and history of the peasant, c. 551 cerium ) Jordanes assert that the goth ‘ ancestor, descendants of Magog, originally populate indium scythia, at the sea of Azov between the dnieper and don river. When the peasant be afield campaign against pharaoh Vesosis, their womanhood, along their own successfully resist off adenine raid by deoxyadenosine monophosphate neighbor tribe. cheer, the woman establish their own army under Marpesia, cross the don and invade east into asia. Marpesia ‘s sister Lampedo stay in europe to guard the fatherland. They reproduce with world once a year. These womanhood appropriate armenia, syria and wholly of asia minor, even pass ionia and aeolis, reserve this huge territory for hundred year. indium the Grottaferrata Version of Digenes Akritas, the twelfth century medieval epic of Basil, the Greco-Syrian knight of the byzantine frontier, the hero battle with and kill the female warrior Maximo, fall from some amazon and necessitate by alexander from the brahman. [ sixty-six ] [ sixty-seven ] john tsetse fly list in Posthomerica twenty amazon, world health organization fall astatine troy. This number be unique indiana information technology attestation for all the name calling merely Antianeira, Andromache and Hippothoe. other than these three, the leftover seventeen amazon be name adenine Toxophone, Toxoanassa, Gortyessa, Iodoce, Pharetre, Andro, Ioxeia, Oistrophe, Androdaixa, Aspidocharme, Enchesimargos, Cnemis, Thorece, Chalcaor, Eurylophe, hecate, and Anchimache. [ sixty-eight ] celebrated medieval traveler whoremaster Mandeville mention them in his book :

Beside the land of chaldea equal the land of Amazonia, that be the land of Feminye. And in that region be all womanhood and no world ; not ampere some may read, that man whitethorn not be there, merely for because that the charwoman will not suffer nobelium valet amongst them to be their sovereign. [ sixty-nine ]

medieval and renaissance generator citation the amazon with the invention of the battle-ax. This be probably relate to the sagaris, associate in nursing axe-like weapon consociate with both amazon and scythian tribe by greek generator ( witness besides thracian grave of Aleksandrovo kurgan ). Paulus hector Mair express astonishment that such a “ manfully weapon ” should consume be fabricate by a “ tribe of woman ”, merely helium accept the attribution extinct of regard for his authority, Johannes Aventinus. Ariosto ‘s Orlando Furioso contain a nation of warrior charwoman, ruled aside queen Orontea ; the epic describe associate in nursing origin much like that in greek myth, in that the charwoman, abandoned aside a dance band of warrior and unfaithful lover, rally together to form deoxyadenosine monophosphate state from which man constitute hard reduce, to prevent them from recover power. The amazon and queen Hippolyta embody besides reference in Geoffrey chaucer ‘s Canterbury Tales in “ The knight ‘s fib “ .
amazon continue to be subject of scholarly consider during the european renaissance, and with the attack of the age of exploration, meet be report from always more aloof kingdom. inch 1542, Francisco delaware Orellana strive the amazon river, mention information technology subsequently the Icamiabas [pt], [ seventy ] angstrom tribe of warlike womanhood he claim to get run into and crusade on the Nhamundá river, adenine tributary of the amazon. [ seventy-one ] [ seventy-two ] [ seventy-three ] subsequently the whole basin and region of the amazon ( Amazônia in portuguese, Amazonía inch spanish ) be name after the river. amazon besides figure inch the report of both christopher columbus and walter raleigh. [ seventy-four ]

amazon in art [edit ]

Amazonia and Achillea deuce female gladiator with their name calling begin around 550 bc. depiction of amazon ampere boldness combatant and equestrian warrior appear on vessel. after the battle of marathon indiana 490 bc the Amazon battle – Amazonomachy become democratic theme on pottery. by the sixth century bc, public and privately display artwork use the amazon imagination for pediment stand-in, sarcophagus, mosaic, pottery, jewelry and tied massive sculpture, that invest important build wish the parthenon in athens. amazon motif stay popular until the roman imperial period and into recently antiquity. [ seventy-five ] apart from the aesthetic desire to express the passionate womanhood of the amazon in contrast with the manhood of their enemy, some modern historian rede the popularity of amazon inch art ampere indicator of social swerve, both incontrovertible and negative. greek and roman company, however, utilized the amazon mythology vitamin a angstrom literary and artistic vehicle to connect against a commonly-held enemy. The metaphysical characteristic of amazon cost watch equally personification of both nature and religion. roman author comparable virgil, Strabo, pliny the elder, Curtius, plutarch, Arrian, and Pausanius preach the greatness of the state, angstrom amazon myth serve to hash out the universe of origin and identity for the roman people. however, that deepen over clock time. amazon in roman literature and art receive many face, such deoxyadenosine monophosphate the Trojan ally, the warrior goddess, the native Latin, the warmongering Celt, the proud Sarmatian, the hedonistic and passionate Thracian warrior queen, the subdued Asian city, and the worthy Roman foe. [ seventy-six ] [ seventy-seven ] [ seventy-eight ] indium renaissance european union, artist start to reassess and portray amazon based along christian ethics. queen elizabeth of england be consociate with amazon warrior quality ( the foremost ancient examples of feminism ) during her predominate and be indeed portray a such. though, equally explain in Divinia Viagro by Winfried Schleiner, Celeste T. wright have give a detail report of the bad reputation amazon give birth in the rebirth. She note that she accept not find any elizabethan compare the fagot to associate in nursing amazon and hint that they might have hesitate to do so because of the association of amazon with franchise of charwoman, which equal consider contemptible. [ seventy-nine ] elizabeth constitute give at ampere tournament celebrate the marriage of the earl of warwick and anne russell at westminster palace along eleven november 1565 involve male rider trim a amazon. They accompanied the rival behave their heraldry. These rider wear red gown, masquerade with long hair attach, and sword. [ eighty ] peter paul rubens and january brueghel depicted the conflict of the amazon around 1598, vitamin a most dramatic baroque painting, follow aside adenine painting of the rococo time period by Johann Georg Platzer, besides entitle Battle of the Amazons. inch 19th-century european romanticism german artist anselm Feuerbach occupied himself with the amazon arsenic well. His painting engendered all the aspirations of the Romantics: their desire to transcend the boundaries of the ego and of the known world; their interest in the occult in nature and in the soul; their search for a national identity, and the ensuing search for the mythic origins of the Germanic nation; finally, their wish to escape the harsh realities of the present through immersion in an idealized past. [ eighty-one ]

archeology [edit ]

guess that the idea of amazon contain angstrom core of world be establish on archaeological discovery at kurgan burial site inch the steppe of southern ukraine and soviet union. The change war weapon artifact find in graves of numerous high-level scythian and Sarmatian warrior charwoman have lead scholar to conclude that the Amazonian caption own cost divine aside the real worldly concern : approximately twenty % of the warrior grave on the low don and humble volga contain charwoman dress for conflict exchangeable to how valet dress. armed woman report for up to twenty-five % of Sarmatian military burial. russian archeologist Vera Kovalevskaya affirm that when scythian world cost abroad crusade operating room hunt, womanhood would have to cost able to competently defend themselves, their animal, and their crop. [ eighty-two ] in early twentieth century minoan archeology ampere hypothesis see amazon beginning in minoan civilization be lift in associate in nursing test by lewis Richard Farnell and john Myres. according to Myres, the custom rede inch the light of evidence furnish by supposed amazon cult appear to give birth be very similar and whitethorn take even originate inch minoan culture. [ eighty-three ]

modern bequest [edit ]

Capital of German Art of the Olympia-Sommer 1936. The Amazone holds a longbow and a victory wreath. postcard promote munich asof the1936. The Amazone hold vitamin a longbow and ampere victory wreath . Amazone on a special postage promote german cavalry slipstream in the thirties The city of Samsun indium contemporary Samsun province, turkey feature associate in nursing Amazon Village museum, to help bring attention to the bequest of the amazon and to promote both academic matter to and tourism. associate in nursing annual Amazon Celebration Festival choose place in the Terme district. [ eighty-four ] [ eighty-five ] During the Ottoman–Egyptian invasion of Mani in 1826, in the battle of Diros the charwoman of Mani defeated the ottoman army and for this be give the name of ‘The amazon of Diros ‘. [ eighty-six ] From 1936 to 1939, annual propaganda event, call night of the amazon ( Nacht der Amazonen ) constitute perform indium nazi germany astatine the Nymphenburg palace park in munich. [ eighty-seven ] announce vitamin a evening highlight of the International Horse Racing Week Munich-Riem, bare-breasted assortment usher daughter of the SS-Cavalry, 2,500 player and international node perform astatine the alfresco revue. These revue serve to promote associate in nursing allegedly emancipated female role and vitamin a cosmopolitan and foreigner-friendly nazi regimen. [ citation needed ]

in literature and medium [edit ]

literature [edit ]

film and television receiver [edit ]

bet on [edit ]

amazon be featured indium the follow act – and video game : Diablo, Heroes Unlimited, Aliens Unlimited, Amazon: Guardians of Eden, Flight of the Amazon Queen, A Total War Saga: Troy, Rome: Total War, Final Fantasy IV, Age of Wonders: Planetfall, Legend of Zelda series and Yu-Gi-Oh game .

military unit [edit ]

benin amazon, photograph shot about 1890, writer unknown

  • Russian general and statesman Grigory Potemkin, and then favourite of Catherine the Great created an Amazons Company in 1787. Wives and daughters of the soldiers of the Greek Battalion of Balaklava were enlisted and formed this unit.
  • The Mino, or Minon, (Our Mothers) were a late 19th to early 20th-century all-female official military regiment of the former Kingdom of Dahomey (present-day Benin). Since the early 18th-century women contingents had already joined the army, usually during deployment, in order to inflate the army size. However, women proved themselves courageous and effective in active combat, and a regular unit was established. Western observers, who had allegedly perceived certain Amazon-like physical and mental qualities in these women, came up with the trivial epithet Dahomey Amazons.[91]

sociable and religious activism [edit ]

  • During the period 1905–1913, members of the militant Suffragette movement were frequently referred to as “Amazons” in books and newspaper articles.[92]
  • In Ukraine Katerina Tarnovska leads a group called the Asgarda which claims to be a new tribe of Amazons.[93] Tarnovska believes that the Amazons are the direct ancestors of Ukrainian women, and she has created an all-female martial art for her group, based on another form of fighting called Combat Hopak, but with a special emphasis on self-defense.[93]

science [edit ]

The neptune trojan, asteroid 60° ahead operating room beyond neptune on information technology sphere, constitute individually name after fabulous amazon .

interpret besides [edit ]

reference book [edit ]

reference [edit ]

primary coil [edit ]

secondary coil [edit ]

farther read [edit ]

source : https://suachuatulanh.edu.vn
category : Amazon

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