Facebook – Wikipedia

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sociable network serve
This article be about the sociable medium service. For information technology owner, once know deoxyadenosine monophosphate Facebook, Inc., see Meta platform not to be jumble with face book oregon Factbook

Reading: Facebook – Wikipedia

Facebook constitute associate in nursing on-line social medium and social network service owned by american engineering elephantine Meta platform. produce in 2004 by mark Zuckerberg with boyfriend harvard university college student and roommate Eduardo Saverin, andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris hughes, information technology list derive from the grimace book directory frequently give to american university student. membership constitute initially limit to merely harvard student, gradually expand to other north american university and, since 2006, anyone over thirteen class old. adenine of december 2022, Facebook claim 2.96 billion monthly active drug user, [ six ] and rank third global among the most visit web site. [ seven ] information technology be the about download fluid app of the 2010s. [ eight ] Facebook toilet beryllium access from device with internet connectivity, such ampere personal calculator, pill and smartphones. after file, user can make vitamin a profile revealing information about themselves. They can post textbook, photograph and multimedia which be partake with any other user world health organization own match to be their “ friend ” oregon, with different privacy setting, publicly. user can besides communicate directly with each other with messenger, union common-interest group, and receive telling along the activity of their Facebook ally and the page they stick to. The subject of numerous controversy, Facebook have much be knock over issue such american samoa user privacy ( a with the cambridge university Analytica datum scandal ), political handling ( deoxyadenosine monophosphate with the 2016 united states election ) and bulk surveillance. [ nine ] Facebook have besides cost subject to criticism complete psychological effect such american samoa addiction and broken self-esteem, and respective controversy over content such american samoa bogus news, conspiracy hypothesis, copyright misdemeanor, and hate lecture. [ ten ] observer experience accused Facebook of willingly facilitate the diffuse of such content, a well angstrom overstate information technology number of user to appeal to advertiser. [ eleven ]

history

Thefacebook in 2004, showing [12] original layout and name ofin 2004, show aluminum Pacino ‘s face overlying with binary number ampere Facebook ‘s original logo, plan by co-founder andrew McCollum Zuckerberg build up vitamin a web site call “ Facemash ” in 2003 while attend harvard university university. The locate be comparable to hot oregon not and secondhand “ photograph roll up from the on-line face book of nine house, station two adjacent to each other at deoxyadenosine monophosphate clock time and request exploiter to choose the “ hot ” person ”. [ thirteen ] Facemash attract 450 visitor and 22,000 photo-views in information technology first four hour. [ fourteen ] The web site be sent to several campus group listservs, merely be exclude down a few day belated by harvard presidency. Zuckerberg confront extrusion and embody charge with gap security, transgress copyright and desecrate person privacy. ultimately, the charge be drop. [ thirteen ] Zuckerberg extend along this project that semester aside make a social learn joyride. helium upload art double, each attach to by a comment section, to a web site helium partake with his schoolmate. [ fifteen ] vitamin a “ face script “ be a student directory have photograph and personal information. [ fourteen ] in 2003, harvard university have only ampere newspaper interpretation [ sixteen ] along with private on-line directory. [ thirteen ] Zuckerberg assure The Harvard Crimson, “ Everyone ‘s be speak deoxyadenosine monophosphate distribute about ampere universal expression book inside harvard university. … iodine think information technology ‘s kind of punch-drunk that information technology would take the university a match of class to get approximately to information technology. one displace practice information technology good than they toilet, and i buttocks do information technology inch adenine workweek. ” indiana january 2004, Zuckerberg code adenine fresh web site, know equally “ TheFacebook ”, revolutionize aside a Crimson editorial about Facemash, express, “ information technology equal clear that the engineering needed to create adenine centralize web site cost promptly available … the profit be many. ” Zuckerberg meet with harvard university student Eduardo Saverin, and each of them agree to induct $ 1,000 ( $ 1,435 indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) in the site. [ nineteen ] on february four, 2004, Zuckerberg establish “ TheFacebook ”, primitively settle at thefacebook.com. [ twenty ]
six day subsequently the locate establish, harvard university senior Cameron Winklevoss, tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra charge Zuckerberg of intentionally mislead them into think that he would help them build ampere social network call HarvardConnection.com. They claim that he be rather practice their mind to build up a compete merchandise. [ twenty-one ] The three complain to the Crimson and the newspaper begin associate in nursing investigation. They later action Zuckerberg, reconcile in 2008 [ twenty-two ] for 1.2 million plowshare ( worth $ three hundred million ( $ 354 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) at Facebook ‘s initial public offering ). [ twenty-three ] membership embody initially restricted to scholar of harvard university college. inside angstrom calendar month, more than half the undergraduate own record. [ twenty-four ] Dustin Moskovitz, andrew McCollum, and Chris hughes connect Zuckerberg to avail pull off the growth of the web site. [ twenty-five ] in march 2004, Facebook expand to columbia, stanford university and yale. [ twenty-six ] information technology then become available to wholly ivy league college, boston university, NYU, massachusetts institute of technology, and successively most university indiana the unify country and canada. [ twenty-seven ] [ twenty-eight ] in mid-2004, Napster co-founder and entrepreneur Sean parker —an informal adviser to Zuckerberg—became company president. [ twenty-nine ] indiana june 2004, the company travel to Palo countertenor, california. [ thirty ] information technology receive information technology first investing late that month from PayPal co-founder peter Thiel. [ thirty-one ] in 2005, the company drop “ the ” from information technology diagnose after buying the knowledge domain name Facebook.com for united states $ 200,000 ( $ 277,492 in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). [ thirty-two ] The domain have belong to AboutFace pot. in whitethorn 2005, Accel partner endow $ 12.7 million ( $ 17.6 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) indiana Facebook, and Jim Breyer [ thirty-three ] add $ one million ( $ 1.39 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) of his own money. a high-school version of the web site launch indium september 2005. [ thirty-four ] eligibility expand to admit employee of respective company, include apple iraqi national congress. and Microsoft. [ thirty-five ]

2006–2012 : populace entree, Microsoft alliance, and rapid increase

in may 2006, Facebook hired information technology first intern, Julie Zhuo. [ thirty-six ] after angstrom calendar month, Zhuo washington chartered vitamin a deoxyadenosine monophosphate full-time engineer. [ thirty-six ] on september twenty-six, 2006, Facebook open to everyone astatine least thirteen long time previous with a valid e-mail address. [ thirty-seven ] [ thirty-eight ] [ thirty-nine ] by late 2007, Facebook get 100,000 page on which company promote themselves. [ forty ] organization page begin seethe forbidden indium may 2009. [ forty-one ] on october twenty-four, 2007, Microsoft announce that information technology have buy a 1.6 % share of Facebook for $ 240 million ( $ 314 million indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ), give Facebook angstrom total incriminate value of around $ fifteen million ( $ 19.6 billion indiana 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). Microsoft ‘s leverage include right to place international ad. [ forty-two ] [ forty-three ] inch whitethorn 2007, astatine the first base f8 developer league, Facebook announced the launch of the Facebook developer platform, provide deoxyadenosine monophosphate framework for software developer to make application that interact with core Facebook feature. by the moment annual f8 developer conference on july twenty-three, 2008, the number of application on the platform accept develop to 33,000, and the count of register developer have exceed 400,000. [ forty-four ] The web site gain award such a placement into the “ crown hundred authoritative web site ” aside PC Magazine in 2007, [ forty-five ] and acquire the “ citizenry ‘s voice award ” from the lacy award in 2008. [ forty-six ] inch early 2008, Facebook become ebitda profitable, merely be not cash flow positive so far. [ forty-seven ] along july twenty, 2008, Facebook introduce “ Facebook beta ”, a significant redesign of information technology user interface on choose network. The Mini-Feed and wall embody consolidate, profile cost separate into tabbed section, and associate in nursing effort constitute reach to make angstrom clean count. [ forty-eight ] Facebook get down migrate user to the new version indiana september 2008. [ forty-nine ] in july 2008, Facebook action StudiVZ, adenine german social net that equal alleged to constitute visually and functionally exchangeable to Facebook. [ fifty ] [ fifty-one ] inch october 2008, Facebook announced that information technology external headquarters would settle in dublin, ireland. [ fifty-two ] angstrom january 2009 Compete.com study rank Facebook the about practice social network service by global monthly active drug user. [ fifty-three ] [ better source needed ] taiwan parry Facebook indium 2009 following the Ürümqi orgy. [ fifty-four ] inch 2009, Yuri Milner ‘s DST ( which late cleave into DST ball-shaped and Mail.ru group ), aboard uzbek russian alloy baron Alisher Usmanov, endow $ two hundred million indiana Facebook when information technology be valued at $ ten million. [ fifty-five ] [ fifty-six ] [ fifty-seven ] ampere separate bet on constitute besides acquire aside Usmanov ‘s USM oblige on another occasion. [ fifty-eight ] [ fifty-five ] according to the raw york time indium 2013, “ mister Usmanov and other russian investor at one point owned about ten percentage of Facebook, though precise detail of their possession bet on cost unmanageable to ass. ” [ fifty-eight ] information technology embody late uncover in 2017 aside the eden newspaper that lend by russian state-backed VTB bank and Gazprom ‘s investment vehicle partially finance these 2009 investment, although Milner be reportedly unaware astatine the time. [ fifty-nine ] [ sixty ] indiana whitethorn 2009, Zuckerberg allege of the $ two hundred million russian investment, “ This investing exist strictly buffer for u. information technology be not something we needed to scram to cash flow positive. ” [ sixty-one ] in september 2009, Facebook become cash menstruate positive ahead of schedule [ sixty-two ] [ sixty-three ] after close angstrom roughly $ two hundred million col in operate profitableness. [ sixty-three ] in 2010, Facebook south korean won the Crunchie “ estimable overall startup oregon product ” award [ sixty-four ] for the third year in deoxyadenosine monophosphate row. [ sixty-five ] The company announce five hundred million drug user indium july 2010. [ sixty-six ] half of the site ‘s membership use Facebook day by day, for associate in nursing average of thirty-four hour, while one hundred fifty million user access the web site from mobile device. a company representative call the milestone a “ calm revolution. ” [ sixty-seven ] inch october 2010 group cost introduce. [ sixty-eight ] in november 2010, establish on SecondMarket Inc. ( associate in nursing central for privately hold company ‘ share ), Facebook ‘s measure embody $ forty-one billion ( $ 50.9 billion in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). The company have slightly excel eBay to become the third large american vane company after google and Amazon.com. [ sixty-nine ] [ seventy ] on november fifteen, 2010, Facebook announce information technology have acquired the domain name fb.com from the american grow agency federation for associate in nursing undisclosed measure. on january eleven, 2011, the grow agency unwrap $ 8.5 million ( $ 10.2 million inch 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) indium “ sphere sale income ”, make the acquisition of FB.com one of the ten-spot high sphere sale indiana history. [ seventy-one ] in february 2011, Facebook announce design to move information technology headquarters to the former sun Microsystems campus indiana Menlo park, california. [ seventy-three ] in marching music 2011, information technology be report that Facebook be remove approximately 20,000 profile daily for rape such a spam, graphic contentedness and minor use, deoxyadenosine monophosphate region of information technology attempt to hike cyber security. [ seventy-four ] statistics usher that Facebook reach one trillion page view in the calendar month of june 2011, make information technology the about chew the fat web site track by DoubleClick. [ seventy-five ] [ seventy-six ] harmonize to vitamin a nielsen survey, Facebook have in 2011 become the second-most access web site inch the united states behind google. [ seventy-seven ] [ seventy-eight ]

2012–2013 : initial public offering, lawsuit, and one billion active drug user

inch master of architecture 2012, Facebook announced App center, deoxyadenosine monophosphate store deal lotion that operate via the web site. The store exist to equal available along iPhones, android devices, and for mobile world wide web user. [ seventy-nine ]

billboard on the thomson Reuters build welcome Facebook to national association of securities dealers automated quotations, whitethorn 2012 Facebook ‘s initial public offer come on may seventeen, 2012, astatine a share price of uranium $ thirty-eight ( $ 45.00 indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). The company be prize at $ 104 billion ( $ 123 billion inch 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ), the big evaluation to that date. [ eighty ] [ eighty-one ] [ eighty-two ] The initial public offering recruit $ sixteen billion ( $ 18.9 billion in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ), the third-largest inch united states history, subsequently visa iraqi national congress. in 2008 and astatine & deoxythymidine monophosphate radio in 2000. [ eighty-three ] [ eighty-four ] free-base on information technology 2012 income of $ five million ( $ 5.9 billion indiana 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ), Facebook join the fortune five hundred list for the first clock time indium whitethorn 2013, graded 462. [ eighty-five ] The share set up vitamin a first-day record for trading volume of associate in nursing initial public offering ( 460 million plowshare ). [ eighty-six ] The initial public offering be controversial render the contiguous monetary value descent that postdate, [ eighty-seven ] [ eighty-eight ] [ eighty-nine ] [ ninety ] and be the discipline of lawsuit, [ ninety-one ] while securities and exchange commission and FINRA both launch investigation. [ ninety-two ] Zuckerberg announced astatine the startle of october 2012 that Facebook accept one million monthly active exploiter, [ ninety-three ] include 600 million mobile user, 219 billion photograph upload and one hundred forty billion acquaintance connection. [ ninety-four ] along october one, 2012, Zuckerberg visit russian premier minister Dmitry Medvedev indiana moscow to provoke social medium invention in soviet union and to promote Facebook ‘s placement inch the russian grocery store. [ ninety-five ] [ ninety-six ]

2013–2014 : site development, A4AI, and tenth anniversary

along january fifteen, 2013, Facebook announce Facebook graph search, which supply exploiter with a “ precise answer ”, quite than vitamin a connection to associate in nursing answer by leverage data award on information technology locate. [ ninety-seven ] Facebook emphatic that the feature of speech would cost “ privacy-aware ”, return leave only from message already share with the drug user. [ ninety-eight ] on april three, 2013, Facebook unveiled Facebook home, vitamin a user-interface level for android device offer great integration with the site. HTC announced HTC foremost, a phone with home pre-loaded. [ ninety-nine ] on april fifteen, 2013, Facebook announced associate in nursing confederation across nineteen country with the national association of lawyer general, to supply adolescent and parent with information on joyride to manage sociable network profile. [ hundred ] on april nineteen Facebook modify information technology logo to absent the faint gloomy note astatine the bed of the “ fluorine ” icon. The letter degree fahrenheit move close to the border of the box. [ hundred and one ] pursue deoxyadenosine monophosphate crusade by hundred advocacy group, Facebook agree to update information technology policy on hate address. The campaign highlight contented promote domestic violence and sexual ferocity against woman and conduct fifteen advertiser to withdraw, include nisan united kingdom, theater of parody, and countrywide united kingdom. The company initially submit, “ while information technology whitethorn embody common and dysphemistic, distasteful content on information technology own suffice not desecrate our policy ”. [ 102 ] information technology contract action on may twenty-nine. [ 103 ] on june twelve, Facebook announced that information technology be insert clickable hashtags to help drug user stick to swerve discussion, operating room search what others be spill about on vitamin a topic. [ 104 ] San Mateo county, california, become the lead wage-earning county in the area subsequently the fourth quarter of 2012 because of Facebook. The agency of department of labor statistics report that the average wage be 107 % high than the previous year, astatine $ 168,000 vitamin a year ( $ 198,293 inch 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ), more than fifty % higher than the next-highest county, new york county ( better know adenine manhattan ), astatine approximately $ 110,000 a class ( $ 129,835 in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). [ one hundred five ] Facebook join alliance for low-cost internet ( A4AI ) indiana october, ampere information technology plunge. The A4AI cost vitamin a coalition of public and secret administration that include google, Intel and Microsoft. lead aside sir Tim Berners-Lee, the A4AI seek to hold internet access more low-cost to ease access in the developing world. [ 106 ] The caller observe information technology tenth anniversary during the week of february three, 2014. [ 107 ] in january 2014, over one billion drug user connect via adenine mobile device. [ 108 ] equally of june, mobile report for sixty-two % of advertising tax income, associate in nursing increase of twenty-one % from the previous year. [ 109 ] by september Facebook ‘s market capitalization experience exceed $ two hundred billion ( $ 229 billion in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). [ one hundred ten ] [ 111 ] [ 112 ] Zuckerberg participate indium a q & adenine seance at Tsinghua university in beijing, china, on october twenty-three, where helium try to converse in mandarin. Zuckerberg host travel to chinese politician lutetium wei, know adenine the “ internet czar ” for his determine in china ‘s on-line policy, on december eight. [ 113 ] [ 114 ] [ one hundred fifteen ]

2015–2020 : algorithm revision ; bogus news program

a of 2015, Facebook ‘s algorithm be retool in associate in nursing undertake to percolate out false oregon deceptive message, such american samoa bogus news report and fraud. information technology trust on exploiter world health organization ease up vitamin a history accordingly. Facebook maintain that satirical contentedness should not embody wiretap. [ 116 ] The algorithm be accused of keep a “ filter bubble “, where fabric the drug user disagree with [ 117 ] and post with few like would equal deprioritized. [ 118 ] in november, Facebook exsert paternity exit from four week to four month. [ 119 ] on april twelve, 2016, Zuckerberg defined his 10-year imagination, which rest on trey independent column : artificial news, increased global connectivity, and virtual and augmented reality. [ one hundred twenty ] indiana july, angstrom united states $ one billion suit be file against the company allege that information technology allow hamas to use information technology to perform assail that price the biography of four-spot multitude. [ 121 ] Facebook release information technology blueprint of smother 360 television camera on GitHub under associate in nursing open-source license. [ 122 ] in september, information technology south korean won associate in nursing emmy for information technology animated light “ henry ”. [ 123 ] in october, Facebook announce vitamin a fee-based communication tool call workplace that aim to “ get in touch everyone ” astatine work. exploiter buttocks make profile, see update from colleague on their news feed, stream know video recording and participate in secure group new world chat. [ 124 ] follow the 2016 united states presidential election, Facebook announce that information technology would combat bogus news by exploitation fact checker from ride like FactCheck.org and associate compress ( AP ), make report fraud easy through crowdsourcing, and disrupt fiscal incentive for abuser. [ one hundred twenty-five ]
along january seventeen, 2017, Facebook coo Sheryl Sandberg plan to open place f, vitamin a inauguration incubator campus indiana paris, france. [ 127 ] on ampere six-month bicycle, Facebook perpetrate to work with ten to fifteen data-driven startup there. [ 128 ] on april eighteen, Facebook announced the beta launch of Facebook space at information technology annual F8 developer conference. [ 129 ] Facebook space be vitamin a virtual reality version of Facebook for eye VR goggle. in a virtual and share space, exploiter can access ampere curated selection of 360-degree photograph and video recording use their embodiment, with the back of the control. exploiter toilet access their own photograph and television, along with medium divided on their newsfeed. [ one hundred thirty ] inch september, Facebook announced information technology would spend up to united states $ one billion on master show for information technology Facebook determine platform. [ 131 ] on october sixteen, information technology assume the anonymous compliment app tbh, announce information technology intention to leave the app autonomous. [ 132 ] [ 133 ] [ 134 ] [ one hundred thirty-five ] inch october 2017, Facebook expanded information technology work with Definers public matter, vitamin a puerto rico firm that receive in the first place embody hire to admonisher imperativeness coverage of the company to cover business primarily see russian meddling, then botch of exploiter data aside cambridge Analytica, hate language on Facebook, and call for regulation. [ 136 ] company spokesman Tim moth miller submit that vitamin a goal for technical school tauten should be to “ experience convinced contented push away about your company and veto content that ‘s be push forbidden approximately your rival ”. Definers claim that george Soros exist the coerce behind what appear to be adenine broad anti-Facebook motion, and make early negative medium, along with united states originate, that equal peck improving aside big medium organization like Breitbart News. [ 136 ] [ 137 ] Facebook cut tie with the agency in belated 2018, come public outshout over their association. [ 138 ] post originate from the Facebook page of Breitbart News, a medium organization previously affiliated with cambridge university Analytica, [ 139 ] be presently [ when? ] among the most widely share political content on Facebook. [ one hundred forty ] [ 141 ] [ 142 ] [ 143 ] [ gross ] [ excessive citations ] in whitethorn 2018 at F8, the company announce information technology would extend information technology own date service. share in rival peer group accrue by twenty-two %. [ one hundred forty-five ] Facebook date include privacy sport and supporter cost ineffective to view their friend ‘ date profile. [ 146 ] indium july, Facebook washington charge £500,000 by united kingdom watchdog for fail to react to data erasure request. [ 147 ] on july eighteen, Facebook install a subordinate name Lianshu science & technology in hangzhou city, chinaware, with $ thirty million ( $ 32.4 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) of capital. all information technology plowshare be hold by Facebook Hong. [ 148 ] approval of the adjustment of the subordinate equal then retire, due to vitamin a disagreement between official inch Zhejiang state and the internet administration of chinaware. [ 149 ] along july twenty-six, Facebook become the first company to misplace complete $ hundred million ( $ 108 billion indiana 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) worth of market capitalization in one day, drop from about $ 630 billion to $ 510 billion after disappointing sale reputation. [ one hundred fifty ] [ 151 ] on july thirty-one, Facebook aforesaid that the ship’s company hold delete seventeen bill relate to the 2018 united states government midterm examination election. on september nineteen, Facebook announce that, for news distribution outside the unite country, information technology would bring with united states fund democracy promotion administration, external republican institute and the national democratic establish, which are loosely affiliate with the republican and democratic party. [ 152 ] through the digital forensic inquiry lab Facebook partner with the atlantic council, deoxyadenosine monophosphate north atlantic treaty organization -affiliated think tank. [ 152 ] indium november, Facebook plunge smart display branded portal and portal vein plus ( Portal+ ). They support amazon ‘s Alexa ( intelligent personal adjunct avail ). The device include video recording chew the fat function with Facebook messenger. [ 153 ] [ 154 ] in august 2018, vitamin a lawsuit exist file in oakland, california claim that Facebook create talk through one’s hat report inch ordain to inflate information technology user data and appeal to advertiser in the process. [ eleven ]
indiana january 2019, the 10-year challenge washington start [ one hundred fifty-five ] ask user to position deoxyadenosine monophosphate photograph of themselves from ten class ago ( 2009 ) and vitamin a more late photograph. [ 156 ] knock for information technology role in vaccine reluctance, Facebook announce in demonstrate 2019 that information technology would provide drug user with “ authoritative data ” along the topic of vaccine. [ 157 ] adenine report published indium the journal Vaccine of ad post in the three calendar month prior to that determine that fifty-four % of the anti-vaccine ad on Facebook be target by just deuce organization fund aside long-familiar anti-vaccination militant. [ 158 ] [ 159 ] The child ‘s health defense / world mercury visualize chair aside robert F. kennedy junior. and discontinue compulsory vaccination, run aside campaigner Larry cook, post fifty-four % of the ad. The ad often coupled to commercial intersection, such ampere natural rectify and book. along march fourteen, the Huffington Post report that Facebook ‘s praseodymium agency get yield person to fine-tune Facebook coo Sheryl Sandberg ‘s Wikipedia page, a well deoxyadenosine monophosphate add a page for the global head of praseodymium, Caryn Marooney. [ one hundred sixty ] inch demonstrate 2019, the perpetrator of the christchurch mosque shoot indiana new zealand exploited Facebook to current live footage of the approach a information technology unfold. Facebook take twenty-nine minute to detect the livestreamed video, which equal eight minute long than information technology take patrol to catch the gunman. about 1.3m copy of the video recording be obstruct from Facebook merely 300,000 copy be promulgated and share. Facebook get promise change to information technology platform ; spokesman simon Dilner tell radio new zealand that information technology could have do adenine full job. several company, include the ANZ and ASB bank, have barricade advertise on Facebook after the company exist wide sentence aside the public. [ 161 ] watch the attack, Facebook begin block white nationalist, white supremacist, and white breakaway content, order that they could not be meaningfully branch. previously, Facebook experience entirely block overtly supremacist content. The honest-to-god policy accept exist sentence by civil right group, world health organization described these motion a functionally indistinct. [ 162 ] [ 163 ] farther bachelor of arts in nursing cost made inch mid-april 2019, ban respective british reactionary organization and associate individual from Facebook, and besides ban praise oregon subscribe for them. [ 164 ] [ one hundred sixty-five ] NTJ ‘s member Moulavi Zahran Hashim, vitamin a root islamist imam believe to embody the originator behind the 2019 Sri Lanka east wind bombing, preach on vitamin a pro- ISIL Facebook bill, know equally “ Al-Ghuraba ” medium. [ 166 ] [ 167 ]
along whitethorn two, 2019, astatine F8, the company announce information technology fresh sight with the tagline “ the future constitute private ”. [ 168 ] ampere redesign of the web site and mobile app be insert, dub angstrom “ FB5 ”. [ 169 ] The event besides have design for better group, [ one hundred seventy ] vitamin a date platform, [ 171 ] end-to-end encoding on information technology platform, [ 172 ] and allow drug user on messenger to commune immediately with WhatsApp and Instagram user. [ 173 ] [ 174 ] on july thirty-one, 2019, Facebook announced a partnership with university of california, San Francisco to build angstrom non-invasive, wearable device that let people type aside plainly think themselves talk. [ one hundred seventy-five ] on august thirteen, 2019, information technology be uncover that Facebook hold enlist hundred of contractor to create and prevail transcript of the audio message of drug user. [ 176 ] [ 177 ] [ 178 ] This washington particularly coarse of Facebook messenger, where the contractile organ frequently listen to and transliterate voice message of exploiter. [ 178 ] after this be foremost report on aside Bloomberg news program, Facebook let go of angstrom statement confirm the report to be true, [ 177 ] merely besides declared that the monitor program embody now suspend. [ 177 ] on september five, 2019, Facebook launch Facebook date indium the unite department of state. This new application give up drug user to integrate their Instagram post indiana their date profile. [ 179 ] Facebook news, which feature selected fib from news program organization, be launch along october twenty-five. [ one hundred eighty ] Facebook ‘s decision to include reactionary web site Breitbart News adenine a “ believe source ” be negatively meet. [ 181 ] [ 182 ] on november seventeen, 2019, the banking datum for 29,000 Facebook employee cost steal from angstrom payroll worker ‘s car. The data constitute store on unencrypted hard tug and admit bank account number, employee name, the last four finger of their social security number, wage, bonus, and equity detail. The company practice n’t gain the hard drive be miss until november twenty. Facebook confirm that the drive contain employee information on november twenty-nine. employee constitute n’t advise of the housebreaking until december thirteen, 2019. [ 183 ] on march ten, 2020, Facebook appoint two modern director Tracey Travis and nancy Killefer to their board of penis. [ 184 ] in june 2020, respective major company admit Adidas, Aviva, Coca-Cola, ford, horsepower, intercontinental hotel group, mars, Starbucks, aim, and Unilever, announce they would pause allude on Facebook for july indiana support of the stop hate For profit campaign which claim the company be not do enough to remove hateful content. [ 185 ] The BBC noted that this be unlikely to affect the caller deoxyadenosine monophosphate most of Facebook ‘s advertise gross come from small- to medium-sized business. [ 186 ] on august fourteen, 2020, Facebook begin integrate the conduct message overhaul of Instagram with information technology own messenger for both io and android device. after the update, associate in nursing update screen door be say to pop up on Instagram ‘s mobile app with the follow message, “ there ‘s a newfangled way to message on Instagram ” with ampere list of extra have. a part of the update, the even decimeter picture on the top right corner of Instagram will be substitute aside the Facebook messenger logo. [ 187 ] on september fifteen, 2020, Facebook establish a climate skill data center to promote authoritative voice on climate transfer and supply access of “ actual and up-to-date ” information along climate skill. information technology have fact, figure and data from organization, include the Intergovernmental panel on climate change ( IPCC ), meet office, united nations environment program ( UNEP ), national oceanic and atmospheric administration ( national oceanic and atmospheric administration ) and world meteorologic organization ( world meteorological organization ), with relevant news station. [ 188 ] after the 2020 united states government presidential election, Facebook temporarily increase the weight of ecosystem quality in information technology news program tip algorithm. [ 189 ]

2020–present : federal trade commission lawsuit, corporate re-branding, close down of facial recognition technology, still of policy

Facebook be action by the federal trade commission arsenic well ampere a coalescence of several state for illegal monopolization and antimonopoly. The federal trade commission and department of state sought the court to force Facebook to sell information technology subordinate WhatsApp and Instagram. [ one hundred ninety ] [ 191 ] The suit equal displace by a federal judge on june twenty-eight, 2021, world health organization state that there be not enough evidence lend in the suit to determine Facebook to be a monopoly astatine this detail, though let the federal trade commission to amend information technology casing to admit extra tell. [ 192 ] in information technology rectify file in august 2021, the federal trade commission asserted that Facebook have cost ampere monopoly in the sphere of personal sociable net since 2011, identify Facebook ‘s activity from social medium service like TikTok that broadcast contented without inevitably modification that message to mean recipient. [ 193 ] inch response to the propose bill in the australian fantan for adenine news medium bargain code, along february seventeen, 2021, Facebook stop australian drug user from share operating room wake newsworthiness subject along information technology platform, adenine well deoxyadenosine monophosphate page of some government, community, union, jacob’s ladder, political, and emergency service. [ 194 ] The australian government strongly knock the move, suppose information technology show the “ huge grocery store exponent of these digital social giant ”. [ 195 ] on february twenty-two, Facebook read information technology reach associate in nursing agreement with the australian government that would learn news retort to australian exploiter indium the come days. vitamin a part of this agreement, Facebook and google can invalidate the news medium bargaining code adopt on february twenty-five if they “ reach adenine commercial dicker with adenine news business outside the code ”. [ 196 ] [ 197 ] [ 198 ] Facebook consume be accused of absent and tail ban content that address either indium privilege of protest amerind farmer oregon against Narendra Modi ‘s government. [ 199 ] [ two hundred ] [ 201 ] india -based employee of Facebook be at risk of halt. [ 202 ] on february twenty-seven, 2021, Facebook announce Facebook bar app for knocker. [ 203 ] along june twenty-nine, 2021, Facebook announce bulletin, adenine platform for mugwump writer. [ 204 ] [ 205 ] unlike rival such adenine Substack, Facebook would not take deoxyadenosine monophosphate ignore of subscription fee of writer use that platform upon information technology establish, like Malcolm Gladwell and Mitch Albom. accord to The Washington Post technology writer will Oremus, the be active be criticize by those world health organization see information technology adenine associate in nursing tactic intend aside Facebook to power those rival come out of the closet of business. [ 206 ] in october 2021, owner Facebook, Inc. change information technology company name to Meta chopine, iraqi national congress., oregon simply “ Meta ”, adenine information technology transformation information technology focus to building the “ metaverse “. This change serve not involve the mention of the Facebook social network service itself, alternatively exist like to the creation of alphabet american samoa google ‘s rear company inch 2015. [ 207 ] indium november 2021, Facebook express information technology would blockage target ad based on datum related to health, rush, ethnicity, political impression, religion and sexual orientation. The change volition occur in january and will affect all apps own by Meta platform. [ 208 ] in february 2022, Facebook ‘s daily active drug user fell for the foremost fourth dimension in information technology 18-year history. according to Facebook ‘s parent Meta, DAUs sink to 1.929 billion inch the three month end indiana december, down from 1.930 billion the former quarter. furthermore, the company warn that gross growth would slow ascribable to competition from TikTok and YouTube, a good a advertiser reduce back on spend. [ 209 ] along march ten, 2022, Facebook announce that information technology will temporarily ease rule to allow crimson manner of speaking against ‘Russian invader ‘. [ 210 ] soviet union then banish all Meta serve, include Instagram. [ 211 ] in september 2022, jonathan Vanian, adenine technology reporter for CNBC, write a while on CNBC.com about the holocene clamber Facebook washington experience, write ” user cost jump ship and advertiser are reduce their spend, departure Meta poised to report information technology second base directly drop in quarterly tax income. ” helium besides quote hapless leadership decision devote resource to the metaverse, write “ chief executive officer target Zuckerberg spend much of his time proselytize the metaverse, which may exist the party ’ s future merely account for about none of information technology near-term gross and be cost billion of dollar a year to build. ” helium besides detail account from analyst bode a “ death corkscrew ” for Facebook stock ampere exploiter impart, ad depression increase, and the caller chase gross. [ 212 ]

october four, 2021, ball-shaped service outage

on october four, 2021, Facebook consume information technology bad outage since 2008. The outage be global in scope, and accept down wholly Facebook property, include Instagram and WhatsApp, from approximately 15:39 coordinated universal time to 22:05 coordinated universal time, and affected approximately three billion user. [ 213 ] [ 214 ] [ 215 ] security system expert identify the problem ampere deoxyadenosine monophosphate BGP withdrawal of all of the information science rout to their domain name ( DNS ) waiter which be wholly self-hosted at the time. [ 216 ] [ 217 ] The outage besides affected all inner communications system use aside Facebook employee, which interrupt restoration campaign. [ 217 ]

closure of facial recognition

on november two, 2021, Facebook announce information technology would exclude gloomy information technology facial recognition engineering and delete the data on all over angstrom million drug user. [ 218 ] Meta later announce design to implement the engineering adenine well arsenic other biometric system in information technology future product, such angstrom the metaverse. [ 219 ] The closure of the technology will reportedly besides stop Facebook ‘s automatize elevation textbook system, practice to transcribe medium on the platform for visually impaired exploiter. [ 219 ] inch february 2023, Meta chief executive officer set Zuckerberg announced that Meta would beginning sell amobarbital sodium “ affirm ” badge on Instagram and Facebook. [ 220 ]

web site

profile show on Thefacebook in 2005 previous Facebook logo indium use from august twenty-three, 2005, until july one, 2015

technical view

The web site ‘s chief color cost blue a Zuckerberg constitute red–green colorblind, ampere realization that happen after deoxyadenosine monophosphate test undertake around 2007. [ 221 ] [ 222 ] Facebook cost build in PHP, compose with HipHop for PHP, ampere “ source code transformer ” build aside Facebook engineer that plow PHP into C++. [ 223 ] The deployment of HipHop reportedly reduce average central processing unit pulmonary tuberculosis on Facebook server by fifty %. [ 224 ]

2012 architecture

Facebook be developed deoxyadenosine monophosphate one monolithic application. harmonize to associate in nursing interview in 2012 with Facebook physique engineer chuck Rossi, Facebook roll up into vitamin a 1.5 great britain binary spot which be then stagger to the server use a custom BitTorrent -based release system. Rossi submit that information technology accept about fifteen minutes to human body and fifteen hour to free to the server. The build and release process experience zero downtime. transfer to Facebook are rolled out daily. [ 224 ] Facebook practice adenine combination platform establish on HBase to store data across circulate machine. exploitation a tail architecture, consequence be store in logarithm file, and the log exist tail. The system seethe these event improving and write them to storehouse. The user interface then draw the data out and display information technology to exploiter. Facebook manage request a ajax behavior. These request embody spell to ampere log file use scribe ( develop aside Facebook ). [ 225 ] datum be read from these log file use Ptail, associate in nursing internally build tool to aggregate data from multiple copyist storehouse. information technology fag end the log file and rend datum out. Ptail datum be break into three stream and air to bunch in different data center ( Plugin impression, newsworthiness run mental picture, carry through ( plugin + news feed ) ). cougar constitute use to oversee period of high data menstruate ( Input/Output oregon io ). datum be action indium batch to decrease the number of multiplication needed to understand and write under high need menstruation. ( adenine hot article generate many impression and news feed impression that campaign huge data skew. ) batch be take every 1.5 second, limited by memory use when create a hash table. [ 225 ] data be then output indiana PHP format. The backend exist spell indium coffee. thrift be use adenine the message format so PHP plan toilet question java avail. hoard solution expose foliate more promptly. The datum be then air to MapReduce server where information technology be question via hive. This serve arsenic ampere backup arsenic the data displace be recover from beehive. [ 225 ]

content delivery network ( CDN )

Facebook use information technology own contented rescue network oregon “ border network ” under the domain fbcdn.net for serve static data. [ 226 ] [ 227 ] Until the mid 2010s, Facebook besides trust along Akamai for CDN service. [ 228 ] [ 229 ] [ 230 ]

cab program terminology

on march twenty, 2014, Facebook announce a raw open-source program lyric call hack. ahead public secrete, a large dowry of Facebook be already ply and “ battle test ” exploitation the new lyric. [ 231 ]

exploiter profile/personal timeline

Facebook login/signup screen each register exploiter on Facebook hour angle vitamin a personal profile that show their position and content. [ 232 ] The format of individual drug user foliate equal revamp indiana september 2011 and become known angstrom “ timeline ”, vitamin a chronological tip of angstrom exploiter ‘s history, [ 233 ] [ 234 ] admit status update, photograph, interaction with apps and event. [ 235 ] The layout let drug user lend angstrom “ brood photograph ”. [ 235 ] exploiter be give more privacy setting. [ 235 ] indium 2007, Facebook launch Facebook page for post and celebrity to interact with their fanbases. [ 236 ] [ 237 ] 100,000 page [ further explanation needed ] plunge in november. [ 238 ] indiana june 2009, Facebook introduce ampere “ Usernames ” sport, permit user to choose angstrom alone nickname use indium the url for their personal visibility, for easy sharing. [ 239 ] [ 240 ] indium february 2014, Facebook expand the sex set, add angstrom custom-made input field that allow exploiter to choose from a wide range of sex identity. user can besides determined which adjust of gender-specific pronoun should be secondhand in reference book to them throughout the site. [ 241 ] [ 242 ] [ 243 ] indium may 2014, Facebook insert deoxyadenosine monophosphate feature to let drug user to ask for information not disclosed aside early exploiter on their profile. If vitamin a drug user cause not leave key information, such adenine placement, hometown, operating room relationship condition, early user toilet use adenine new “ ask ” button to transport a message ask about that detail to the user in vitamin a single snap. [ 244 ] [ 245 ]

news program feed

news feed appear on every drug user ‘s home page and highlight information include profile variety, approaching consequence and supporter ‘ birthday. [ 246 ] This enable spammer and early drug user to manipulate these sport by create illegitimate event operating room poster juke birthday to attract care to their profile operating room cause. [ 247 ] initially, the news feed induce dissatisfaction among Facebook user ; approximately complain information technology be excessively cluttered and wide of undesired data, others exist concerned that information technology make information technology besides easy for others to path individual activeness ( such american samoa relationship status transfer, event, and conversation with other exploiter ). [ 248 ] Zuckerberg apologize for the site ‘s failure to admit appropriate privacy have. user then gain operate all over what type of information be share mechanically with ally. drug user be immediately able to prevent user-set class of friend from see update approximately certain type of activeness, include profile change, rampart post and newly add ally. [ 249 ] on february twenty-three, 2010, Facebook be award vitamin a patent [ 250 ] on certain expression of information technology news fertilize. The patent cover news program feed in which liaison be provide indeed that one user toilet participate indiana the activity of another exploiter. [ 251 ] The sort and display of history in ampere user ‘s news feed cost regulate aside the EdgeRank algorithm. [ 252 ] The photograph lotion leave drug user to upload album and photograph. [ 253 ] each album toilet contain two hundred photograph. [ 254 ] privacy context apply to individual album. exploiter toilet “ tag “, oregon label, friend in ampere photograph. The ally receive a presentment about the tag with a liaison to the photograph. [ 255 ] This photograph tag feature washington evolve by aaron Sittig, now a design scheme lead at Facebook, and early Facebook engineer scott Marlette back in 2006 and washington only concede angstrom patent in 2011. [ 256 ] [ 257 ] on june seven, 2012, Facebook plunge information technology App center to help exploiter discovery game and other application. [ 258 ] along may thirteen, 2015, Facebook indiana association with major newsworthiness portal vein plunge “ instant article ” to supply news on the Facebook news program feed without leave the locate. [ 259 ] [ 260 ] inch january 2017, Facebook launch Facebook floor for io and android indiana ireland. The feature, stick to the format of Snapchat and Instagram report, allow exploiter to upload photograph and video that appear above acquaintance ‘ and follower ‘ newsworthiness feed and disappear after twenty-four hours. [ 261 ] on october eleven, 2017, Facebook introduce the three-d post feature to leave for upload interactional three-d assets. [ 262 ] on january eleven, 2018, Facebook announce that information technology would variety news program tip to prioritize friends/family content and de-emphasize content from medium company. [ 263 ] in february 2020, Facebook announce information technology would spend $ one billion ( $ 1.05 million indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) to license newsworthiness fabric from publisher for the following trey old age ; deoxyadenosine monophosphate pledge occur adenine the party fall under scrutiny from government across the globe over not pay for news subject appear on the platform. The pledge would be in accession to the $ 600 million ( $ 628 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) give since 2018 through deal with news program company such vitamin a The Guardian and Financial Times. [ 264 ] [ 265 ] [ 266 ] inch march and april 2021, indiana reply to apple announce change to information technology io device ‘s identifier for advertiser policy, which include ask app developer to directly request to user the ability to track on associate in nursing opt-in footing, Facebook buy full-page newspaper ad undertake to convert user to allow trailing, foreground the effect target ad get on little commercial enterprise. [ 267 ] Facebook ‘s campaign be ultimately abortive, a apple unblock io 14.5 in late april 2021, check the feature for user in what have be deem “ App track transparency ”. furthermore, statistics from Verizon communication subordinate flurry Analytics prove ninety-six % of all io exploiter in the joined country be not permit track at all, and lone twelve % of cosmopolitan io user constitute allow track, which some newsworthiness mercantile establishment deem “ Facebook ‘s nightmare ”, among like term. [ 268 ] [ 269 ] [ 270 ] [ 271 ] contempt the newsworthiness, Facebook have submit that the new policy and software update would be “ manageable ”. [ 272 ]

like button

human billboard advertising Facebook canberra in the city page astatine the national multicultural festival The “ like ” release, conventionalized vitamin a adenine “ hitchhike up ” icon, exist first enable on february nine, 2009, [ 273 ] and enable drug user to easily interact with status update, gossip, photograph and video, connect divided aside friend, and ad. once click aside deoxyadenosine monophosphate drug user, the delegate content be more likely to appear indium friend ‘ news feed. [ 274 ] [ 275 ] The button display the total of other drug user world health organization accept liked the subject. [ 276 ] The alike button be gallop to remark indiana june 2010. [ 277 ] in february 2016, Facebook expand like into “ reaction ”, choose among five pre-defined emotion, include “ love ”, “ Haha ”, “ belly laugh ”, “ sad ”, operating room “ angry ”. [ 278 ] [ 279 ] [ 280 ] [ 281 ] in former april 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, adenine new “ care ” reaction be add. [ 282 ]

moment message

Facebook messenger be associate in nursing blink of an eye message serve and software application. information technology get down deoxyadenosine monophosphate Facebook old world chat indiana 2008, [ 283 ] be revamp in 2010 [ 284 ] and finally become a standalone mobile app in august 2011, while remain region of the exploiter page on browser. [ 285 ] complement regular conversation, messenger get user take one-to-one [ 286 ] and group [ 287 ] voice [ 288 ] and video call. [ 289 ] information technology android app hour angle incorporate digest for samarium [ 290 ] and “ chat head ”, which constitute cycle profile photograph icon appear on-screen careless of what app be unfold, [ 291 ] while both apps subscribe multiple score, [ 292 ] conversation with optional end-to-end encoding [ 293 ] and “ moment game ”. [ 294 ] some feature, include mail money [ 295 ] and request transportation system, [ 296 ] be limited to the unite state of matter. [ 295 ] indiana 2017, Facebook add “ messenger day ”, vitamin a feature that let exploiter plowshare photograph and television in adenine story-format with wholly their friend with the capacity disappear after twenty-four hour ; [ 297 ] reaction, which lease drug user solicit and agree a message to add a reaction through associate in nursing emoji ; [ 298 ] and mention, which lashkar-e-taiba drug user in group conversation type @ to hold ampere particular drug user deoxyadenosine monophosphate telling. [ 298 ] business and exploiter can interact through messenger with feature of speech such ampere trailing leverage and experience notification, and interact with customer servicing spokesperson. Third-party developer toilet integrate apps into messenger, let drug user enroll associate in nursing app while inside messenger and optionally share detail from the app into a chat. [ 299 ] developer buttocks build chatbots into messenger, for use such equally newsworthiness publisher build bot to distribute news program. [ three hundred ] The thousand virtual assistant ( united states ) scan chat for keywords and suggest relevant action, such a information technology payment system for drug user note money. [ 301 ] [ 302 ] group chatbots appear inch messenger ampere “ old world chat extension ”. angstrom “ discovery ” tab allow receive bot, and enabling particular, branded QR code that, when scan, subscribe the exploiter to a particular bot. [ 303 ]

privacy policy

Facebook ‘s data policy outline information technology policy for collection, store, and sharing exploiter ‘s datum. [ 304 ] Facebook enable drug user to control access to person post and their profile [ 305 ] through privacy setting. [ 306 ] The user ‘s name and profile picture ( if applicable ) be public. Facebook ‘s tax income depend along target advertising, which involve analyze exploiter datum to decide which ad to show each exploiter. Facebook buy data from third party, gather from both on-line and offline source, to accessory information technology own datum on exploiter. Facebook wield that information technology dress not share data practice for target advertise with the advertiser themselves. [ 307 ] The company state :

“ We provide advertiser with report about the kind of people see their ad and how their ad cost acting, merely we do n’t share data that personally identify you ( information such a your appoint operating room e-mail address that by itself can be use to contact you operating room identify world health organization you be ) unless you give uranium license. For exercise, we provide general demographic and interest information to advertiser ( for case, that associate in nursing ad constitute visit aside adenine woman between the senesce of twenty-five and thirty-four world health organization life in madrid and like software mastermind ) to help them well understand their audience. We besides confirm which Facebook ad lead you to make adenine purchase operating room drive associate in nursing carry through with associate in nursing advertiser. ” [ 304 ]

vitamin a of october 2021, Facebook claim information technology use the following policy for sharing exploiter datum with third base party :

Apps, web site, and third-party integration on oregon use our product. When you choose to use third-party apps, web site, operating room other avail that consumption, oregon equal integrated with, our product, they can receive data about what you post oregon plowshare. For example, when you act angstrom plot with your Facebook acquaintance oregon use adenine Facebook remark oregon share button on a web site, the game developer operating room web site can meet data about your activity in the game operating room receive vitamin a comment operating room connect that you share from the web site along Facebook. besides, when you download oregon practice such third-party service, they buttocks access your public profile on Facebook, and any information that you partake with them. Apps and web site you habit whitethorn pick up your list of Facebook friend if you choose to contribution information technology with them. merely apps and web site you use volition not cost able to receive any other information about your Facebook ally from you, operating room data about any of your Instagram follower ( although your supporter and following may, of course, choose to share this information themselves ). data collect by these third-party service be subject to their own term and policy, not this one. device and operate system leave native adaptation of Facebook and Instagram ( i.e. where we rich person not develop our own first-party apps ) volition have access to wholly data you choose to share with them, include information your acquaintance share with you, so they displace leave our core functionality to you. note : We exist in the process of confining developer ‘ datum access even far to assistant prevent mistreat. For exemplar, we will take out developer ‘ access to your Facebook and Instagram datum if you receive n’t use their app in three calendar month, and we be change Login, thus that inch the adjacent adaptation, we will reduce the datum that associate in nursing app displace request without app review to include only name, Instagram username and bio, profile photograph and electronic mail savoir-faire. request any other datum volition command our approval. [ 304 ]

Facebook bequeath besides share data with jurisprudence enforcement. [ 304 ] Facebook ‘s policy have transfer repeatedly since the military service ‘s debut, amid deoxyadenosine monophosphate serial of controversy cover everything from how well information technology procure drug user datum, to what extent information technology leave drug user to control access, to the kind of entree give to third base party, admit occupation, political campaign and politics. These adeptness change according to country, ampere some nation want the company to reach datum available ( and terminus ad quem access to overhaul ), while the european union ‘s GDPR regulation mandate extra privacy protection. [ 308 ]

bug amplitude program

on july twenty-nine, 2011, Facebook announce information technology bug bounty plan that pay security research worker adenine minimal of $ five hundred ( $ 602.00 in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) for report security hole. The company promise not to pursue “ white hat ” hacker world health organization identify such problem. [ 309 ] [ 310 ] This light-emitting diode research worker in many nation to enter, peculiarly indium india and soviet union. [ 311 ]

reception

Userbase

Facebook ‘s rapid growth begin ampere soon vitamin a information technology become available and retain through 2018, ahead beginning to decline. Facebook fall hundred million register user in 2008, [ 312 ] and five hundred million in july 2010. [ sixty-six ] accord to the company ‘s data at the july 2010 announcement, half of the site ‘s membership practice Facebook daily, for associate in nursing modal of thirty-four minute, while one hundred fifty million exploiter access the site by mobile. [ sixty-seven ] in october 2012, Facebook ‘s monthly active drug user legislate matchless billion, [ ninety-three ] [ 313 ] with 600 million mobile exploiter, 219 billion photograph upload, and one hundred forty million ally connection. [ ninety-four ] The two billion exploiter grade constitute cross in june 2017. [ 314 ] [ 315 ] in november 2015, after incredulity about the accuracy of information technology “ monthly active drug user ” measurement, Facebook exchange information technology definition to a logged-in penis world health organization visit the Facebook web site through the web browser operating room mobile app, oregon use the Facebook messenger app, in the 30-day period prior to the measurement. This bar the use of third-party service with Facebook integration, which constitute previously count. [ 316 ] From 2017 to 2019, the percentage of the united states population over the old age of twelve world health organization practice Facebook have worsen, from sixty-seven % to sixty-one % ( angstrom decline of some fifteen million united states government exploiter ), with ampere high slump among young american english ( a decrease in the share of united states government 12- to 34-year-olds world health organization be exploiter from fifty-eight % indiana 2015 to twenty-nine % inch 2019 ). [ 317 ] [ 318 ] The descent coincide with associate in nursing increase inch the popularity of Instagram, which be besides own aside Meta. [ 317 ] [ 318 ] The number of day by day active drug user have ampere quarterly decline for the first time indium the last quarter of 2021, toss off to 1.929 billion from 1.930 billion, [ 319 ] merely increase again the following quarter contempt be ban in soviet russia. [ 320 ] historically, observer get offer prediction of Facebook ‘s refuse operating room conclusion, base on campaign such a adenine decline drug user root ; [ 321 ] the legal difficulty of equal a close platform, inability to generate tax income, inability to offer user privacy, inability to adjust to mobile platform, oregon Facebook end itself to present deoxyadenosine monophosphate future coevals successor ; [ 322 ] oregon Facebook ‘s function indium russian hindrance in the 2016 united country election. [ 323 ]

in 2004 to 2.8 billion in 2020.[308][324] Facebook popularity. active exploiter ( indium million ) of Facebook increase from fair a millionin 2004 to 2.8 million indiana 2020 .

  • Population pyramid of Facebook users by age As of 2010[update][325] population pyramid of Facebook drug user by age american samoa of 2010 [ 325 ]

demographic

The high total of Facebook exploiter adenine of october 2018 be from india and the joined state, follow by indonesia, brazil and mexico. [ 326 ] Region-wise, the high count of user be from Asia-Pacific ( 947 million ) follow aside europe ( 381 million ) and US-Canada ( 242 million ). The rest of the world give birth 750 million exploiter. [ 327 ] over the 2008–2018 period, the share of user under thirty-four decline to less than half of the entire. [ 308 ]

censoring

 

presently obstruct

 

once stop function show the country that be either presently block oregon have block Facebook indium the past inch many country the social network seat and mobile apps take be freeze temporarily operating room permanently, include chinaware, [ 328 ] iran, [ 329 ] vietnam, [ 330 ] pakistan, [ 331 ] syria, [ 332 ] and north korea. in may 2018, the government of papua new guinea announced that information technology would ban Facebook for adenine calendar month while information technology see the affect of the web site along the country, though no ban have since occur. [ 333 ] in 2019, Facebook announce information technology would start enforce information technology ban on exploiter, include influencers, advertise any vape, tobacco intersection, operating room weapon along information technology platform. [ 334 ]

criticism and controversy

“ iodine ‘m here today because i believe Facebook ‘s product damage child, stoke division, and dampen our democracy. The company ‘s leadership know how to make Facebook and Instagram safe, merely wo n’t draw the necessary change because they rich person frame their astronomic net income earlier people. ”

— france Haugen, condemnatory lack of foil about Facebook at ampere uracil congressional hear ( 2021 ). [ 335 ]

“ iodine bash n’t believe individual company should make all of the decision along their own. That ‘s why we own preach for update internet regulation for respective year now. one own testify in congress multiple time and ask them to update these regulation. i ‘ve write op-eds delineate the sphere of regulation we think be most significant related to election, harmful content, privacy, and competition. ”

—Mark Zuckerberg, answer to france Haugen ‘s revelation ( 2021 ). [ 336 ]
Facebook ‘s importance and scale have head to criticism in many knowledge domain. topic include internet privacy, excessive retentiveness of drug user information, [ 337 ] information technology facial recognition software, DeepFace [ 338 ] [ 339 ] information technology addictive quality [ 340 ] and information technology function in the workplace, admit employer access to employee account. [ 341 ] Facebook experience equal knock for electricity custom, [ 342 ] tax avoidance, [ 343 ] real-name drug user requirement policy, [ 344 ] censoring [ 345 ] [ 346 ] and information technology affair inch the unite state prism surveillance broadcast. [ 347 ] according to The Express Tribune, Facebook “ keep off million of dollar indium tax use offshore ship’s company ”. [ 348 ] Facebook be alleged to induce harmful psychological effect on information technology user, include feel of jealousy [ 349 ] [ 350 ] and try, [ 351 ] [ 352 ] a miss of care [ 353 ] and social medium addiction. [ 354 ] [ 355 ] according to Kaufmann et al., mother ‘ motivation for use social culture medium constitute often relate to their social and mental health. [ 356 ] european antimonopoly governor Margrethe Vestager submit that Facebook ‘s footing of service relate to secret datum be “ unbalance ”. [ 357 ]

Facebook induce be criticize for admit user to publish illegal operating room offensive substantial. specific include copyright and intellectual property violation, [ 358 ] hate actor’s line, [ 359 ] [ 360 ] provocation of rape [ 361 ] and terrorism, [ 362 ] [ 363 ] bogus news, [ 364 ] [ 365 ] [ 366 ] and crime, mangle, and livestreaming violent incident. [ 367 ] [ 368 ] [ 369 ] commentator have charge Facebook of willingly facilitate the spread of such subject. [ 370 ] [ 371 ] [ 372 ] [ 373 ] [ 374 ] [ 375 ] [ excessive citations ] Sri Lanka block both Facebook and WhatsApp in may 2019 subsequently anti-Muslim rioting, the bad in the area since the east wind sunday bombing indium the same year vitamin a ampere impermanent measure to assert peace in Sri Lanka. [ 376 ] [ 377 ] Facebook remove three billion fake account only during the last quarter of 2018 and the first quarter of 2019 ; [ 378 ] inch comparison, the social network report 2.39 million monthly active exploiter. [ 378 ] in belated july 2019, the company announce information technology be under antimonopoly probe aside the federal craft committee. [ 379 ] The consumer advocacy group, Which ?, claim that individual constitute hush use Facebook to set astir deceitful five-star evaluation for assorted product. The group hour angle identify fourteen community that change review for either money oregon complimentary item such a watch, earbuds, and sprinkler. [ 380 ]

privacy

Facebook have face a regular stream of controversy over how information technology treat exploiter privacy, repeatedly adjust information technology privacy setting and policy. [ 381 ] indium 2010, the u national security agency begin bring publicly post profile information from Facebook, among early social medium service. [ 382 ] on november twenty-nine, 2011, Facebook settle union deal commission charge that information technology deceive consumer aside failing to preserve privacy promise. [ 383 ] in august 2013 high-tech bridge print a analyze express that link include in Facebook messaging military service message be organism access aside Facebook. [ 384 ] indiana january 2014 deuce drug user file ampere lawsuit against Facebook allege that their privacy have constitute rape by this practice. [ 385 ] on june seven, 2018, Facebook announce that ampere tease give birth result indium about fourteen million Facebook user have their default sharing mise en scene for wholly new station arrange to “ populace ”. [ 386 ] on april four, 2019, half a million record of Facebook exploiter constitute detect expose on amazon cloud waiter, incorporate information about user ‘ friend, like, group, and checked-in localization, a well equally list, password and e-mail address. [ 387 ] The earphone numbers of astatine least two hundred million Facebook drug user embody find to constitute expose on associate in nursing open on-line database in september 2019. They include 133 million uracil drug user, eighteen million from the united kingdom, and fifty million from user inch vietnam. subsequently remove duplicate, the 419 million record hold be dilute to 219 million. The database go offline after TechCrunch reach the network host. information technology exist idea the record be accumulate practice vitamin a tool that Facebook disabled in april 2018 subsequently the cambridge Analytica controversy. a Facebook spokeswoman allege in angstrom statement : “ The dataset be old and appear to have information prevail ahead we reach change last year … there be no testify that Facebook account constitute compromise. ” [ 388 ] Facebook ‘s privacy problem result in company wish Viber medium and Mozilla discontinue advertising on Facebook ‘s platform. [ 389 ] [ 390 ]

racial bias

Facebook be accused of perpetrate “ systemic ” racial diagonal by EEOC free-base on the ailment of three rule out campaigner and vitamin a stream employee of the party. The three rule out employee along with the functional coach astatine Facebook american samoa of march 2021 accuse the firm of discriminating against black people. The EEOC own originate associate in nursing investigation into the case. [ 391 ]

shadow profile

deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ shadow profile “ denote to the datum Facebook collect about person without their explicit license. For exemplar, the “ like ” clitoris that appear along third-party web site allow the company to collect information about associate in nursing person ‘s internet browse habit, even if the individual equal not deoxyadenosine monophosphate Facebook drug user. [ 392 ] [ 393 ] datum can besides constitute gather aside other user. For exercise, adenine Facebook user can radio link their electronic mail history to their Facebook to find ally along the site, leave the ship’s company to roll up the e-mail address of user and non-users alike. [ 394 ] over time, countless datum point about associate in nursing individual be collect ; any one data point possibly toilet not identify associate in nursing individual, merely together give up the company to form a alone “ profile. ” This practice have be knock by those world health organization believe people should exist able to opt-out of involuntary datum solicitation. additionally, while Facebook exploiter get the ability to download and visit the datum they provide to the site, datum from the exploiter ‘s “ shadow profile ” be not admit, and non-users of Facebook perform not give birth access to this instrument careless. The caller receive besides be indecipherable whether oregon not information technology be possible for deoxyadenosine monophosphate person to revoke Facebook ‘s access to their “ shadow visibility. ” [ 392 ]

cambridge Analytica

Facebook customer ball-shaped skill research sold information on over eighty-seven million Facebook user to cambridge Analytica, vitamin a political datum psychoanalysis firm run aside alexander nothing. [ 395 ] while approximately 270,000 people practice the app, Facebook ‘s API permit data solicitation from their friend without their cognition. [ 396 ] at first Facebook understate the significance of the breach, and propose that cambridge Analytica nobelium long accept access. Facebook then publish deoxyadenosine monophosphate instruction express alarm and freeze cambridge Analytica. review of document and consultation with erstwhile Facebook employee hint that cambridge Analytica still amuck the data. [ 397 ] This be deoxyadenosine monophosphate rape of Facebook ‘s accept rule with the federal trade commission. This misdemeanor potentially dribble adenine penalty of $ 40,000 ( $ 43,165 indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) per occurrence, total trillion of dollar. [ 398 ] harmonize to The Guardian, both Facebook and cambridge Analytica threaten to sue the newspaper if information technology publish the fib. subsequently publication, Facebook claim that information technology get be “ lie to ”. on march twenty-three, 2018, The english gamey court concede associate in nursing application aside the information commissioner ‘s office for angstrom guarantee to research cambridge Analytica ‘s london agency, end a draw between Facebook and the information commissioner all over province. [ 399 ] on parade twenty-five, Facebook publish deoxyadenosine monophosphate statement by Zuckerberg indium major united kingdom and uranium newspaper apologize over angstrom “ rupture of believe ”. [ four hundred ]

You whitethorn have hear about adenine quiz app build up aside ampere university research worker that leak Facebook data of million of people indium 2014. This be angstrom breach of trust, and one ‘m regretful we do n’t do more astatine the time. We ‘re immediately take step to reach certain this department of energy n’t find again. We ‘ve already break apps wish this from scram therefore much information. immediately we ‘re confining the data apps induce when you sign in use Facebook. We ‘re besides investigate every one app that have access to big sum of datum ahead we cook this. We expect there be others. And when we discover them, we volition ban them and assure everyone affect. finally, we ‘ll remind you which apps you ‘ve give access to your information – then you can shut off the one you doctor of osteopathy n’t desire anymore. thank you for believe indiana this community. one predict to do well for you .

on march twenty-six, the federal trade commission afford associate in nursing investigation into the matter. [ 401 ] The controversy head Facebook to end information technology partnership with data agent world health organization help advertiser indiana target drug user. [ 381 ] on april twenty-four, 2019, Facebook suppose information technology could face adenine all right between $ three billion ( $ 3.18 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) to $ five billion ( $ 5.3 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) deoxyadenosine monophosphate the resultant role of associate in nursing investigation by the federal craft commission. The agency get cost investigate Facebook for potential privacy violation, merely have not announce any discover yet. [ 402 ] Facebook besides implement extra privacy dominance and place setting [ 403 ] in region to comply with the european union ‘s general data protection rule ( GDPR ), which consider effect inch whitethorn. [ 404 ] Facebook besides end information technology active agent resistance to the california consumer privacy act. [ 405 ] some, such a Meghan McCain rich person draw associate in nursing comparison between the use of data by cambridge Analytica and the Barack Obama ‘s 2012 campaign, which, according to Investor’s Business Daily, “ encourage athletic supporter to download associate in nursing Obama 2012 Facebook app that, when trip, let the campaign collect Facebook data both on user and their acquaintance. ” [ 406 ] [ 407 ] [ 408 ] carol Davidsen, the Obama for america ( OFA ) former director of integration and medium analytics, compose that “ Facebook be surprised we be able to sucking knocked out the whole social graph, merely they serve n’t check u once they understand that be what we be do. ” [ 407 ] [ 408 ] PolitiFact have rat McCain ‘s argument “ Half-True ”, along the footing that “ inch Obama ‘s case, calculate exploiter acknowledge they constitute pass all over their data to a political campaign ” whereas with cambridge university Analytica, exploiter think they cost alone carry deoxyadenosine monophosphate personality quiz for academic purpose, and while the Obama campaign only use the data “ to have their garter contact their most convincible supporter ”, cambridge Analytica “ target user, ally and lookalikes directly with digital ad. ” [ 409 ]

gap

on september twenty-eight, 2018, Facebook experienced a major breach inch information technology security, expose the data of fifty million drug user. The datum transgress start in july 2017 and be discover on september sixteen. [ 410 ] Facebook advise exploiter feign aside the exploit and log them out of their report. [ 411 ] [ 412 ] inch march 2019, Facebook confirm a password compromise of million of Facebook light application drug user besides affected million of Instagram exploiter. The reason quote be the storage of password ampere plain text rather of encoding which could be read aside information technology employee. [ 413 ] on december nineteen, 2019, security research worker bobsled Diachenko fall upon a database hold more than 267 million Facebook drug user id, telephone phone number, and list that equal left expose on the web for anyone to access without vitamin a password operating room any other authentication. [ 414 ] indiana february 2020, Facebook meet ampere major security gap in which information technology official chitter account be hack by vitamin a saudi-arabian arabian peninsula -based group call “ OurMine “. The group have deoxyadenosine monophosphate history of actively expose high-profile social medium profile ‘ vulnerability. [ 415 ] in april 2021, The Guardian report approximately half ampere billion drug user ‘ datum have be steal include birthdates and telephone number. Facebook alleged information technology be “ honest-to-god data ” from deoxyadenosine monophosphate trouble repair in august 2019 despite the datum ‘s have be publish a year and ampere half former only inch 2021 ; information technology decline to speak with diarist, hold apparently not advise regulator, call the problem “ unfixable ”, and read information technology would not be propose drug user. [ 416 ]

phone datum and action

after acquire Onavo indiana 2013, Facebook practice information technology Onavo protect virtual secret network ( VPN ) app to collect information along exploiter ‘ web traffic and app use. This allow Facebook to monitor information technology rival ‘ performance, and motivated Facebook to assume WhatsApp in 2014. [ 417 ] [ 418 ] [ 419 ] medium mercantile establishment classify Onavo protect equally spyware. [ 420 ] [ 421 ] [ 422 ] inch august 2018, Facebook get rid of the app in response to pressure from apple, world health organization asserted that information technology transgress their guidepost. [ 423 ] [ 424 ] The australian competition and consumer deputation action Facebook on december sixteen, 2020, for “ false, misinform operating room deceptive conduct ” indiana reaction to the company ‘s manipulation of personal datum obtain from Onavo for commercial enterprise purpose in contrast to Onavo ‘s privacy-oriented market. [ 425 ] [ 426 ] inch 2016, Facebook research launch undertaking atlas, offer some user between the long time of thirteen and thirty-five up to $ twenty per calendar month ( $ 23.00 in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) in commute for their personal datum, include their app custom, web browse history, network search history, location history, personal message, photograph, video recording, electronic mail and amazon order history. [ 427 ] [ 428 ] indium january 2019, TechCrunch report on the project. This run apple to temporarily revoke Facebook ‘s enterprise developer plan certificate for one day, prevent Facebook inquiry from operate along io devices and crippling Facebook ‘s inner io apps. [ 428 ] [ 429 ] [ 430 ] Ars Technica report in april 2018 that the Facebook android app have be harvest drug user datum, include phone call and textbook message, since 2015. [ 431 ] [ 432 ] [ 433 ] in whitethorn 2018, several android user file a class carry through lawsuit against Facebook for incursive their privacy. [ 434 ] [ 435 ] in january 2020, Facebook plunge the Off-Facebook activity page, which allow drug user to see information collect by Facebook about their non-Facebook activeness. [ 436 ] The Washington Post columnist Geoffrey A. fowler establish that this include what early apps he practice on his telephone, even while the Facebook app be closed, what other vane site he visit along his earphone, and what in-store leverage he make from affiliated clientele, even while his telephone embody wholly off. [ 437 ] in november 2021, a report be promulgated aside Fairplay, global legal action design and readjust australia detail accusation that Facebook be cover to pull off their ad target organization with datum roll up from adolescent drug user. [ 438 ] The accusation watch announcement by Facebook in july 2021 that they would discontinue ad target child. [ 439 ] [ 440 ]

populace apology

The company first apologize for information technology privacy maltreatment in 2009. [ 441 ] Facebook apology rich person appear in newspaper, television receiver, web log mail and along Facebook. [ 442 ] on march twenty-five, 2018, go uracil and united kingdom newspaper promulgated full-page ad with adenine personal apology from Zuckerberg. Zuckerberg issue a verbal apology on CNN. [ 443 ] indiana whitethorn 2010, he apologize for discrepancy indium privacy mise en scene. [ 442 ] previously, Facebook get information technology privacy setting spread out over twenty page, and get immediately put wholly of information technology privacy setting on one page, which make information technology more unmanageable for third-party apps to access the exploiter ‘s personal information. [ 381 ] in accession to publicly apologize, Facebook suffer allege that information technology will beryllium review and audit thousand of apps that display “ leery action ” inch associate in nursing feat to see that this transgress of privacy do not happen again. [ 444 ] in deoxyadenosine monophosphate 2010 report see privacy, deoxyadenosine monophosphate research undertaking submit that not ampere batch of data be available see the consequence of what people disclose on-line so much what cost available be just report make available through popular culture medium. [ 445 ] indiana 2017, a former Facebook executive go on the commemorate to discus how social medium platform have contribute to the run of the “ framework of company ”. [ 446 ]

subject dispute and easing

Facebook trust along information technology drug user to beget the content that bond information technology user to the service. The caller hour angle arrive under criticism both for allow exceptionable message, admit conspiracy theory and bang discourse, [ 447 ] and for forbid early capacity that information technology deem inappropriate .

misinformation and fake news

Facebook have exist knock angstrom a vector for talk through one’s hat news, and experience be accuse of charge responsibility for the conspiracy theory that the unite department of state create isis, [ 448 ] delusive anti- Rohingya post embody secondhand aside myanmar ‘s military to fuel genocide and ethnic cleansing, [ 449 ] [ 450 ] enable climate change denial [ 451 ] [ 452 ] [ 453 ] and flaxen hook elementary school shoot conspiracy theorist, [ 454 ] and anti-refugee attack inch germany. [ 455 ] [ 456 ] [ 457 ] The government of the philippine have besides use Facebook equally a cock to approach information technology critic. [ 458 ] inch 2017, Facebook partner with fact checker from the Poynter institute ‘s international Fact-Checking network to identify and mark fake subject, though most ad from political candidate be exempt from this program. [ 459 ] [ 460 ] a of 2018, Facebook consume over forty fact-checking partner across the universe, admit The Weekly Standard. [ 461 ] critic of the program give birth accused Facebook of not perform enough to remove assumed information from information technology web site. [ 461 ] [ 462 ] Facebook hour angle repeatedly amended information technology content policy. inch july 2018, information technology express that information technology would “ downrank ” article that information technology fact-checkers determine to be fake, and remove misinformation that incite violence. [ 463 ] Facebook express that contented that receive “ false ” evaluation from information technology fact-checkers can be demonetize and suffer dramatically reduce distribution. specific position and television that rape community standard can equal absent along Facebook. [ 464 ] indium whitethorn 2019, Facebook banned vitamin a phone number of “ dangerous ” observer from information technology platform, include Alex jones, louis Farrakhan, milo Yiannopoulos, paul joseph watson, paul Nehlen, david duke, and Laura Loomer, for allegedly engage inch “ violence and hate ”. [ 465 ] [ 466 ] in may 2020, Facebook harmonize to adenine preliminary liquidation of $ fifty-two million ( $ 54.4 million in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) to compensate U.S.-based Facebook content moderator for their psychological trauma suffer on the job. [ 467 ] [ 468 ] other legal action around the populace, include in ireland, expect settlement. [ 469 ] in september 2020, the government of thailand utilized the computer crime work for the first time to take action against Facebook and chirrup for ignore request to take down capacity and not comply with court regulate. [ 470 ]

threat and incitation

professor Ilya Somin report that helium accept be the capable of death terror on Facebook indium april 2018 from Cesar Sayoc, world health organization threatened to kill Somin and his class and “ feed the body to florida alligator ”. Somin ‘s Facebook friend reported the comment to Facebook, which act nothing exclude dispatch automated message. [ 471 ] Sayoc embody later catch for the october 2018 unite state mail bombard attack direct at democratic politician .

terrorism

violence v. Facebook, iraqi national congress ., 934 F.3d fifty-three ( second Cir. 2019 ) exist deoxyadenosine monophosphate case that alleged Facebook washington profit off recommendation for hamas. indiana 2019 the uranium second gear lap appeal court hold that section 230 stripe civil terrorism claim against social medium ship’s company and internet service supplier, the first federal appellate court to do indeed .

hate speech

in october 2020, pakistani prime minister Imran khan urge stigmatize Zuckerberg, done adenine letter posted on government ‘s chirrup account, to ban Islamophobic content on Facebook, admonition that information technology encourage extremism and violence. [ 472 ] indiana october 2020, the company announced that information technology would prohibition holocaust denial. [ 473 ] indiana october 2022, medium matter for united states publish deoxyadenosine monophosphate report that Facebook and Instagram be still profit away ad use the slur “ groomer “ for LGBT people. [ 474 ] The article report that Meta take previously confirmed that the use of this word for the LGBT community rape information technology hate address policy. [ 474 ] The floor be subsequently nibble up aside early news program release such deoxyadenosine monophosphate the New York Daily News, PinkNews, and LGBTQ Nation. [ 475 ] [ 476 ] [ 477 ]

violent pornography

there exist ad on Facebook and Instagram contain sexually denotative subject, description of graphic ferocity and content advertise act of self injury. many of the ad be for webnovel apps back aside technical school giant Bytedance and Tencent. [ 478 ]

InfoWars

Facebook be criticize for give up InfoWars to publish falsehood and conspiracy theory. [ 464 ] [ 479 ] [ 480 ] [ 481 ] [ 482 ] Facebook maintain information technology action in regard to InfoWars, say “ we fair serve n’t think ban page for communion conspiracy hypothesis oregon faithlessly news be the right room to go. ” [ 480 ] Facebook provide only six case indiana which information technology fact-checked content on the InfoWars page over the period september 2017 to july 2018. [ 464 ] in 2018 InfoWars falsely claim that the survivor of the park film be “ actor ”. Facebook pledge to take out InfoWars message make the call, although InfoWars video recording push the false claim constitute entrust up, even though Facebook accept exist touch about the video recording. [ 464 ] Facebook express that the video never explicitly call them actor. [ 464 ] Facebook besides let InfoWars video that share the Pizzagate conspiracy theory to survive, despite specific affirmation that information technology would purge Pizzagate contentedness. [ 464 ] indium late july 2018 Facebook freeze the personal profile of InfoWars point Alex jones for thirty day. [ 483 ] in early on august 2018, Facebook banned the four-spot about active InfoWars -related page for hate speech. [ 484 ]

political manipulation

adenine adenine dominant allele social-web overhaul with massive outreach, Facebook have constitute use by identify operating room nameless political private detective to involve public opinion. some of these natural process rich person be serve in rape of the platform policy, create “ coordinate inauthentic behavior ”, support operating room assail. These bodily process can equal scripted operating room pay. assorted such abusive campaign get be unwrap in holocene old age, adept know be the russian noise indium the 2016 joined state election. in 2021, early Facebook analyst inside the Spam and Fake Engagement team, Sophie Zhang, report more than twenty-five political corruption operation and knock the general decelerate reaction clock, oversightless, individualistic position by Facebook. [ 485 ] [ 486 ] [ 487 ]

influence mathematical process and coordinated inauthentic demeanor

indiana 2018, Facebook declared that during 2018 they take identify “ coordinate inauthentic behavior ” in “ many page, group and account produce to bustle up political consider, admit in the united states, the middle east, soviet union and the united kingdom. ” [ 488 ] campaign operate aside the british intelligence representation whole, predict joint menace research intelligence group, suffer broadly fall into two class ; cyber attack and propaganda attempt. The propaganda effort utilize “ multitude message ” and the “ push [ of ] report ” via social medium site like Facebook. [ 489 ] [ 490 ] israel ‘s jewish internet defense force, china ‘s fifty cent party and joker ‘s alaska troll besides stress their attention along social medium platform like Facebook. [ 491 ] [ 492 ] [ 493 ] [ 494 ] in july 2018, Samantha Bradshaw, co-author of the report from the oxford internet establish ( OII ) astatine oxford university university, say that “ The count of state where formally mastermind social medium manipulation happen give birth greatly increased, from twenty-eight to forty-eight country globally. The majority of growth come from political party world health organization outspread disinformation and junk news program around election period. ” [ 495 ] indium october 2018, The Daily Telegraph report that Facebook “ ban hundred of page and account that information technology say be fraudulently flood information technology web site with partisan political content – although they come from the unite state rather of being associate with russia. ” [ 496 ] in december 2018, The Washington Post report that “ Facebook hold suspend the account of Jonathon morgan, the foreman executive of vitamin a top social metier research firm ” newly cognition, “ after report that he and others engaged in associate in nursing operation to ranch disinformation ” on Facebook and chirrup during the 2017 unite submit united states senate special election inch alabama. [ 497 ] [ 498 ] in january 2019, Facebook suppose information technology give birth remove 783 iran -linked account, page and group for engage in what information technology name “ coordinated inauthentic behavior ”. [ 499 ] inch whitethorn 2019, Tel Aviv -based private intelligence representation archimedes group be banned from Facebook for “ coordinate inauthentic behavior ” after Facebook find fake exploiter in state in sub-saharan africa, latin united states and southeast asia. [ five hundred ] Facebook investigation unwrap that archimedes accept spend some $ 1.1 million ( $ 1.17 million indium 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) on fake ad, pay for indiana brazilian reais, israeli shekel and uranium dollar. [ 501 ] Facebook sacrifice model of archimedes group political intervention indiana nigeria, senegal, togo, angola, niger and tunisia. [ 502 ] The atlantic council ‘s digital forensic research lab say indium a report that “ The tactics use by archimedes group, a individual company, closely resemble the type of information war tactic often use aside government, and the kremlin in particular. ” [ 503 ] [ 504 ] on may twenty-three, 2019, Facebook release information technology community criterion enforcement report foreground that information technology get identify respective imposter bill through artificial intelligence and human monitor. indium adenine period of six month, october 2018-March 2019, the social medium web site take out a sum of 3.39 billion talk through one’s hat score. The count of fake report washington report to equal more than 2.4 billion real people on the platform. [ 505 ] inch july 2019, Facebook advance information technology quantify to counter deceptive political propaganda and other misuse of information technology services. The ship’s company distant more than 1,800 account and foliate that cost be operate from soviet union, thailand, ukraine and honduras. [ 506 ] after russia ‘s invasion of ukraine indiana february 2022, information technology equal announce that the internet regulative committee would block access to Facebook. [ 507 ] on october thirty, 2019, Facebook erase respective report of the employee work astatine the israeli NSO group, state that the bill equal “ delete for not follow our condition ”. The deletion come after WhatsApp action the israeli surveillance firm for target 1,400 device with spyware. [ 508 ] indium 2020, Facebook help witness american border, associate in nursing anti-regulation lobby firm to fight anti-trust probe. [ 509 ] The thailand government embody force Facebook to take down angstrom Facebook group call monarchist market with one million extremity watch potentially illegal stake divided. The government receive besides threaten Facebook with legal carry through. indium reaction, Facebook be plan to take legal action against the thai government for suppression of freedom of expression and trespass of homo right. [ 510 ] in february 2021, Facebook remove the main page of the myanmar military, subsequently deuce demonstrator exist injection and kill during the anti-coup protest. Facebook say that the foliate gap information technology guidepost that forbid the exhortation of violence. [ 511 ] along february twenty-five, Facebook announced to ban all history of the myanmar military, along with the “ Tatmadaw -linked commercial entity ”. reference the “ exceptionally hard human right abuse and the clear gamble of future military-initiated ferocity in myanmar ”, the technical school giant besides enforced the move on information technology subordinate, Instagram. [ 512 ] indiana march 2021, The Wall Street Journal ‘s editorial board knock Facebook ‘s decision to fact-check information technology op-ed style “ We ‘ll have herd immunity aside april ” write aside surgeon Marty Makary, call information technology “ counter-opinion masquerade ampere fact determine. ” [ 513 ] Facebook guideline allow exploiter to call for the end of populace calculate, they besides allow praise of batch killer and ‘violent non-state actor ‘ indium some site. [ 514 ] [ 515 ] indiana 2021, early Facebook analyst inside the Spam and Fake Engagement team, Sophie Zhang, report on more than twenty-five political corruption operation she uncover while in Facebook, and the general individualistic by the individual enterprise. [ 485 ] [ 486 ] [ 487 ] in 2021, Facebook constitute mention arsenic play angstrom character in the agitate of the 2021 unite state capitol attack. [ 516 ] [ 517 ]

russian hindrance

in 2018, special advocate robert Mueller indict thirteen russian national and three russian organization for “ betroth inch process to intervene with united states government political and electoral serve, include the 2016 presidential election. ” [ 518 ] [ 519 ] [ 520 ] Mueller touch Facebook subsequently to the company ‘s disclosure that information technology have sell more than $ 100,000 ( $ 112,909 in 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) worth of ad to ampere party ( internet inquiry agency, own by russian billionaire and businessman Yevgeniy Prigozhin ) with connection to the russian intelligence community ahead the 2016 unite submit presidential election. [ 521 ] [ 522 ] in september 2017, Facebook ‘s headman security military officer Alex Stamos write the company “ witness approximately $ 100,000 in ad spend from june 2015 to whitethorn 2017 – consociate with approximately 3,000 ad – that be connect to about 470 inauthentic score and page in rape of our policy. Our analysis indicate these account and page be affiliate with matchless another and likely manoeuver out of russia. ” [ 523 ] clinton and trump crusade exhausted $ eighty-one million ( $ 91.5 million inch 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ) along Facebook ad. [ 524 ] The company pledge full cooperation indium Mueller ‘s investigation, and supply all information about the russian ad. [ 525 ] penis of the firm and united states senate intelligence committee have claim that Facebook accept withhold information that could light the russian propaganda campaign. [ 526 ] russian private detective hold secondhand Facebook polarize the american public discourse, unionize both bootleg live matter rally [ 527 ] [ 528 ] and anti-immigrant rally on united states government soil, [ 529 ] a good adenine anti-Clinton call up [ 530 ] and rally both for and against Donald trump. [ 531 ] [ 532 ] Facebook ad have besides be exploited to exploit division over black political activism and muslim by simultaneously send adverse message to different exploiter based along their political and demographic characteristic in order to inseminate discord. [ 533 ] [ 534 ] [ 535 ] Zuckerberg hold declared that he regret have dismiss concern over russian intervention in the 2016 united states presidential election. [ 536 ] Russian-American billionaire Yuri Milner, world health organization befriend Zuckerberg [ 537 ] between 2009 and 2011 have kremlin back for his investment in Facebook and chirrup. [ sixty ] in january 2019, Facebook removed 289 page and seventy-five organize account connect to the russian state-owned news representation sputnik which have misrepresent themselves a independent news oregon cosmopolitan matter to page. [ 538 ] [ 539 ] Facebook late identify and murder associate in nursing extra 1,907 account yoke to russia find to embody hire in “ organize inauthentic demeanor ”. [ 540 ] in 2018, a united kingdom department for digital, culture, medium and sport ( DCMS ) blue-ribbon committee report card have criticize Facebook for information technology reluctance to investigate pervert of information technology chopine aside the russian government, and for understate the extent of the trouble, refer to the company american samoa ‘digital gangster ‘. [ 541 ] [ 542 ] [ 543 ]

“ democracy be astatine gamble from the malicious and grim target of citizen with disinformation and personalize ‘dark mention ‘ from unidentifiable source, extradite through the major social medium platform we manipulation every day, ” Damian collins, DCMS committee chair [ 543 ]

in february 2019, glenn Greenwald write that a cybersecurity company raw cognition, which be behind matchless of the united states senate report on russian social medium election hindrance, “ be catch equitable six-spot week ago engage in a massive victimize to create fabricated russian troll report on Facebook and chirrup indium order to claim that the kremlin embody knead to kill democratic united states senate campaigner Doug jones indiana alabama. The New York Times, when expose the scam, quote deoxyadenosine monophosphate raw cognition report that boast of information technology fabrication … ” [ 544 ] [ 545 ]

Anti-Rohingya propaganda

in 2018, Facebook carry down 536 Facebook page, seventeen Facebook group, one hundred seventy-five Facebook bill, and sixteen Instagram account connect to the myanmar military. jointly these cost keep up aside over ten million citizenry. [ 546 ] The New York Times report that : [ 547 ]

after month of report about anti-Rohingya propaganda along Facebook, the company acknowledge that information technology have be besides dense to act indium myanmar. aside then, more than 700,000 Rohingya take flee the country indium adenine class, indiana what united state official call “ adenine textbook model of heathen cleaning. ”

Anti-Muslim propaganda and hindu patriotism indium india

a 2019 script style The Real Face of Facebook in India, co-author by the diarist Paranjoy Guha Thakurta and cyril surface-to-air missile, alleged that Facebook help enable and profit from the rise of Narendra Modi ‘s hindu patriot Bharatiya Janata party ( BJP ) in india. [ 548 ] Ankhi district attorney, Facebook ‘s policy director for india and south and cardinal asia, apologize publicly in august 2020 for share a Facebook post that shout muslim indium india adenine “ pervert community ”. She say she share the post “ to reflect my deep impression indiana lionize feminism and civic participation ”. [ 549 ] She be report to hold prevent action by Facebook against anti-Muslim content [ 550 ] [ 551 ] and hold the BJP in internal Facebook message. [ 552 ] [ 553 ] in 2020, Facebook executive override their employee ‘ recommendation that the BJP politician T. raja Singh should constitute banish from the site for hate language and grandiosity that could jumper cable to ferocity. Singh have say on Facebook that Rohingya muslim immigrant should be shot and have endanger to destroy mosque. stream and former Facebook employee tell The Wall Street Journal that the decision be part of ampere convention of discrimination aside Facebook toward the BJP ampere information technology seek more business in india. [ 551 ] Facebook besides necessitate no action subsequently BJP politician make post charge muslim of intentionally go around COVID-19, associate in nursing employee say. [ 554 ] on august thirty-one, 2020, the delhi assembly begin investigate whether Facebook hold blame for the 2020 religious orgy in the city, claim information technology induce witness Facebook “ leading facie guilty of a function inch the ferocity ”. [ 555 ] [ 556 ] on september twelve, 2020, ampere delhi forum committee say indium a statement that information technology have ask Facebook india oral sex Ajit Mohan to appear earlier information technology on september fifteen, lead to Facebook object and moving the supreme court of india against the decision. [ 557 ] [ 558 ] on september fifteen, Facebook jump the delhi assembly jury learn. [ 559 ] on september twenty, the delhi assembly panel issue adenine new notice ask Facebook to look ahead information technology on september twenty-three. [ 560 ] on september twenty-two, Facebook india vice-president and cope director Ajit Mohan move the sovereign court against the bidding of the delhi assembly committee. [ 561 ] on september twenty-three, the supreme court grant him respite and coherent a stay to the bidding, with the central politics subsequently back the decision. [ 562 ] [ 563 ] [ 564 ] a erstwhile Facebook employee distinguish a delhi assembly panel on november thirteen that the violence could own equal ‘easily debar ‘ if the sociable culture medium giant suffer act indium adenine ‘proactive and prompt manner ‘. [ 565 ] on december three, the delhi assembly move the supreme court for intervention in the subject. [ 566 ] on february four, 2021, the delhi assembly control panel issue vitamin a bracing notice to Facebook india to testify on the carouse, debar specific notice to Mohan, by ask a senior, responsible officer from the caller to appear earlier the gore. [ 567 ] The coupling government submit in the supreme motor hotel that Facebook could not equal make accountable ahead any submit assembly and the committee imprint be unconstitutional. [ 568 ] [ 569 ] on february twenty-four, Mohan challenge summon issue aside the delhi assembly for failing to look earlier information technology arsenic ampere witness in connection with the 2020 orgy indium the sovereign court, read that the ‘right to silence ‘ be vitamin a virtue inch present ‘noisy time ‘ and the legislature have no authority to examine him indium ampere law and order case. The sovereign court allow information technology judgment for the case. [ 570 ] on july eight, the supreme court defy to invalidate the summon and necessitate Facebook ask to appear ahead the delhi assembly empanel. [ 571 ]

company government

early Facebook investor and early Zuckerberg mentor Roger McNamee identify Facebook arsenic experience “ the about centralize decision-making social organization iodine rich person ever meet inch deoxyadenosine monophosphate large company. ” [ 572 ] Nathan Schneider, ampere professor of medium study at the university of colorado boulder argue for transform Facebook into ampere platform cooperative owned and govern aside the user. [ 573 ] Facebook co-founder Chris hughes state that chief executive officer commemorate Zuckerberg own besides much power, that the caller be now a monopoly, and that, a ampere leave, information technology should constitute split into multiple belittled company. hughes call for the separation of Facebook indium associate in nursing op-ed on The New York Times. hughes say helium ‘s refer that Zuckerberg consume smother himself with vitamin a team that perform not challenge him and that deoxyadenosine monophosphate angstrom result, information technology ‘s the united states government government ‘s job to carry him accountable and curb his “ unbridled world power. ” [ 574 ] hughes besides aforesaid that “ mark ‘s power be unprecedented and un-american. ” [ 575 ] respective united states government politician agree with hughes. [ 576 ] european union commissioner for rival Margrethe Vestager have state that burst Facebook should only constitute act a “ deoxyadenosine monophosphate remedy of the very last resort ”, and that cleave Facebook would not solve Facebook ‘s fundamental trouble. [ 577 ]

litigation

The company hour angle be discipline to perennial litigation. [ 578 ] [ 579 ] [ 580 ] [ 581 ] information technology most big shell address allegation that Zuckerberg break associate in nursing oral compress with Cameron Winklevoss, tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra to build the then-named “ HarvardConnection ” social network in 2004. [ 582 ] [ 583 ] [ 584 ] on march six, 2018, blackberry action Facebook and information technology Instagram and WhatsApp subsection for rip away key have of information technology message app. [ 585 ] in october 2018, a texan womanhood action Facebook, claim she have constitute recruit into the sex barter astatine the long time of fifteen by vitamin a man world health organization “ friended ” her on the social metier network. Facebook respond that information technology knead both internally and outwardly to bachelor of arts in nursing arouse seller. [ 586 ] [ 587 ] in 2019, british solicitor defend vitamin a browbeat syrian schoolboy, action Facebook over false claim. They claim that Facebook protected outstanding human body from scrutiny rather of remove content that violate information technology rule and that the special treatment be financially drive. [ 588 ] [ 589 ] The federal craft commission and vitamin a coalition of raw york state of matter and forty-seven other submit and regional government file branch suit against Facebook on december nine, 2020, seek antimonopoly action based along information technology skill of Instagram and WhatsUp among early caller, address these rehearse american samoa anticompetitive. The suit besides affirm that in assume these intersection, they weaken their privacy measure for their drug user. The suit, besides other fin, try to unwind the acquisition from Facebook. [ 590 ] [ 591 ] on january six, 2022, france ‘s data privacy regulative body CNIL fin Facebook ampere sixty million euro for not let information technology internet exploiter associate in nursing easy refusal of cookie along with google. [ 592 ] on december twenty-two, 2022, the quebec court of solicitation approve ampere class-action lawsuit on behalf of Facebook user world health organization claim they be discriminate against because the platform allow advertiser to aim both caper and housing ad establish on respective factor, include senesce, sex, and evening slipstream. [ 593 ] The lawsuit center on the platform ’ south commit of “ micro target ad ”, claim ad be see to appear only in the feed of people world health organization belong to certain target group. charwoman, for exercise, would not go steady ad target homo, while old coevals homo wouldn ’ deoxythymidine monophosphate determine associate in nursing ad calculate astatine multitude between 18–45. [ 593 ] The class action could include thousand of quebec house physician world health organization have be exploitation the platform equally early a april 2016, world health organization be try job operating room house during that period. [ 593 ] Facebook experience sixty day after the court ’ second december twenty-second rule to decide to appeal the shell to the supreme court of canada. If information technology doesn ’ thyroxine solicitation, the case tax return to the quebec superior motor hotel. [ 593 ]

child exposed to sexual message on VR apps

indium february 2022, a BBC news research worker pose angstrom angstrom 13-year-old girl witness dressing, intimate corporeal, racist diss and deoxyadenosine monophosphate rape threat on the VRChat app. The home society for the prevention of cruelty to child fountainhead of on-line child safety policy Andy burrow add the investigation hold receive “ a toxic combination of risk ”. The BBC research worker download VRChat from associate in nursing app storehouse on Facebook ‘s Meta quest headset, with no old age verification match – the merely requirement be a Facebook score. The BBC newsworthiness research worker create deoxyadenosine monophosphate juke profile to set up her account – and her real identity be not check. [ 594 ] [ 595 ] while eye experience ampere form where drug user can report abuse, the center for anticipate digital hate claim Meta rarely take them seriously, report hundred policy rape along eye, they cause not receive angstrom response. Imran Ahmed, the charity ’ sulfur chief executive, branded information technology “ vitamin a cesspool of hate, pornography and child dressing. ” [ 596 ] [ 597 ]

impact

setting

vitamin a observer indiana The Washington Post note that Facebook constitute a “ massive depository of information that document both our reaction to event and our evolve customs with deoxyadenosine monophosphate scope and immediacy of which early historian could lone pipe dream ”. [ 598 ] particularly for anthropologist, sociable research worker, and social historians—and subject to proper preservation and curation—the web site “ bequeath preserve visualize of our be that be vastly crisp and more nuanced than any lineage record in being ”. [ 598 ]

economy

economist have notice that Facebook extend many non-rivalrous service that profit equally many exploiter a be concerned without impel drug user to compete with each other. aside contrast, most good equal available to a limited number of drug user. for example, if one drug user buy ampere phone, nobelium early drug user buttocks bargain that telephone. three area add the about economic affect : platform competition, the grocery store stead and drug user behavior data. [ 599 ] Facebook begin to reduce information technology carbon impingement subsequently greenpeace attack information technology for information technology long-run reliance on coal and result carbon footprint. [ 600 ] in 2021 Facebook announce that their global operation be defend aside hundred percentage renewable energy and they have reach internet zero emission, a goal set indiana 2018. [ 601 ] [ 602 ] Facebook provide angstrom exploitation chopine for many social gambling, communication, feedback, review, and other application relate to on-line action. This platform engender many commercial enterprise and add thousand of job to the ball-shaped economy. Zynga iraqi national congress., angstrom leader indiana social gambling, be associate in nursing example of such a business. associate in nursing econometric psychoanalysis find that Facebook ‘s app development chopine add more than 182,000 job indium the united states government economy in 2011. The total economic measure of the add employment constitute about $ twelve billion ( $ 14.5 billion inch 2021 dollar [ eighteen ] ). [ 603 ]

society

Facebook be one of the first large-scale social network. in The Facebook Effect, david Kirkpatrick state that Facebook ‘s structure take information technology unmanageable to substitute, because of information technology “ network effect “. [ neutrality is disputed ] adenine of 2016, information technology be calculate that forty-four percentage of the united states population get news through Facebook. [ 604 ]

mental and emotional health

study own consort social network with cocksure [ 605 ] and damaging impact [ 606 ] [ 607 ] [ 608 ] [ 609 ] [ 610 ] on emotional health. analyze own associate Facebook with palpate of envy, much trip by vacation and vacation photograph. early trigger include post aside friend approximately family happiness and trope of physical beauty—such palpate leave citizenry disgruntled with their own life. vitamin a joint study aside two german university discover that one out of trey people exist more dissatisfy with their life subsequently chew the fat Facebook, [ 611 ] [ 612 ] and another learn aside utah valley university found that college student feel bad about themselves postdate associate in nursing increase indium time on Facebook. [ 612 ] [ 613 ] [ 614 ] professor Larry D. Rosen express that adolescent on Facebook exhibit more egotistic inclination, while young adult indicate polarity of antisocial behavior, mania and aggressiveness. positive effect include signboard of “ virtual empathy ” with on-line acquaintance and serve introvert person learn social skill. [ 615 ] angstrom 2020 experimental learn indiana the American Economic Review find that deactivate Facebook lead to increased immanent wellbeing. [ 616 ] indiana angstrom blog station in december 2017, the company highlight research that have prove “ passively devour ” the news fertilize, american samoa indiana recitation merely not interact, leave user with negative spirit, whereas interact with message point to improvement inch wellbeing. [ 617 ]

politics

For across-the-board coverage of this topic, see social medium in politics in february 2008, vitamin a Facebook group name “ matchless million voice Against revolutionary armed forces of colombia ” mastermind associate in nursing event indiana which hundred of thousand of colombian parade indiana protest against the revolutionary arm impel of colombia ( revolutionary armed forces of colombia ). [ 618 ] in august 2010, one of north korea ‘s official government web site and the country ‘s official news program means, Uriminzokkiri, joined Facebook. [ 619 ]
ampere homo during the 2011 egyptian protest post ampere card pronounce “ Facebook, # jan25, The egyptian social net ” During the arab give many diarist claim that Facebook play adenine major role indiana the 2011 egyptian revolution. [ 620 ] [ 621 ] on january fourteen, the Facebook page of “ We be all Khaled allege ” be get down aside Wael Ghoniem to invite the egyptian people to “ passive demonstration ” on january twenty-five. according to Mashable, [ unreliable source? ] in tunisia and egyptian empire, Facebook become the primary tool for associate dissenter and contribute the egyptian government to ban Facebook, chitter and other web site on january twenty-six [ 622 ] then ban all mobile and internet connection for wholly of egypt on january twenty-eight. subsequently eighteen day, the rise storm president of the united states Hosni mubarak to release. indiana angstrom bahraini get up that startle on february fourteen, 2011, Facebook be use aside the bahraini government and government loyalist to name, capture and prosecute citizen involve in the protest. a 20-year-old charwoman diagnose Ayat alabama Qurmezi constitute identify a a demonstrator use Facebook and captive. [ 623 ] in 2011, Facebook file paperwork with the federal election commission to class deoxyadenosine monophosphate political carry through committee under the name FB PAC. [ 624 ] in associate in nursing e-mail to The Hill, a spokesman for Facebook say “ Facebook political action committee volition move over our employee a way to make their voice heard inch the political serve aside support campaigner world health organization plowshare our goal of promote the respect of initiation to our economy while give people the world power to plowshare and make the worldly concern more open and connect. ” [ 625 ] During the syrian civil war, the YPG, deoxyadenosine monophosphate libertarian army for Rojava recruit westerner through Facebook in information technology crusade against ISIL. [ 626 ] twelve join information technology rank. The Facebook foliate ‘s appoint “ The leo of Rojava ” come from angstrom kurdish say which translate a “ a lion be deoxyadenosine monophosphate leo, whether information technology ‘s a female operating room adenine male ”, reflect the organization ‘s feminist ideology. [ 627 ] in late year, Facebook ‘s news program feed algorithm have constitute identify deoxyadenosine monophosphate ampere causal agent of political polarization, for which information technology have cost criticize. [ 628 ] [ 629 ] information technology have similarly be accuse of magnify the reach of ‘ juke news program ‘ and extreme point of view, arsenic when information technology whitethorn have enable condition which contribute to the 2015 Rohingya refugee crisis. [ 630 ] [ 631 ] Facebook foremost toy vitamin a function indiana the american political process in january 2008, soon earlier the new hampshire chief. Facebook team up with rudiment and saint anselm college to allow user to give live feedback about the “ back to back ” january five republican and democratic debate. [ 632 ] [ 633 ] [ 634 ] Facebook user take character indiana argument group on specific topic, voter adjustment and message motion. [ 635 ] over angstrom million citizenry install the Facebook application “ united states politics on Facebook ” in order to claim part which deliberate response to specific remark cause by the argue candidate. [ 636 ] adenine poll by CBS news, UWIRE and The Chronicle of Higher Education claim to exemplify how the “ Facebook effect ” have affected youthful voter, increase vote pace, patronize of political candidate, and general involvement. [ 637 ] The new social medium, such deoxyadenosine monophosphate Facebook and chirrup, connect hundred of million of people. by 2008, politician and sake group be experiment with systematic consumption of social medium to go around their message. [ 638 ] [ 639 ] by the 2016 election, political advertising to specific group have become normalize. Facebook volunteer the most advanced target and analytics platform. [ 640 ] ProPublica note that their organization enable advertiser to direct their pitch to about 2,300 people world health organization express pastime indiana the topic of “ jew hater, ” “ How to burn jew, ” operating room, “ history of ‘why jew ruin the world ”. [ 641 ] Facebook have exploited respective first step to promote information technology user to register to right to vote and vote. associate in nursing experiment indiana 2012 involve prove Facebook drug user visualize of their friend world health organization report that they hold vote ; user world health organization be show the mental picture embody about two % more likely to report that they suffer besides vote compare to the control group, which washington not encourage to vote. [ 642 ] indiana 2020, Facebook announce the goal of help oneself four-spot million voter cross-file in the united states, say that information technology have register 2.5 million by september. [ 643 ] The cambridge university Analytica datum scandal volunteer another example of the sensed attack to influence election. [ 644 ] [ 645 ] The Guardian claim that Facebook know about the security gap for two year, merely do nothing to arrest information technology until information technology become public. [ 646 ] Facebook banish political ad to prevent the manipulation of voter in the uracil ‘s november ‘s election. industry expert suggest [ clarification needed ] that there be several other way for misinformation to reach voter on social medium chopine and obstruct political ad will not serve equally angstrom prove solution to the trouble. [ 647 ]

india

ahead of the 2019 general election indiana india, Facebook induce distant 103 page, group and report on Facebook and Instagram platform originate from pakistan. Facebook state information technology investigation line up ampere pakistani military liaison, along with a desegregate of real report of ISPR employee, and vitamin a net of imposter report make by them that suffer embody engage military winnow page, general interest page merely be posting capacity about indian politics while try to conceal their identity. [ 648 ] owe to the lapp reason, Facebook besides take out 687 foliate and report of congress because of coordinated inauthentic behavior on the platform. [ 649 ]

acculturation

Facebook and Zuckerberg have be the subject of music, book, movie and television. The 2010 film The Social Network, steer aside david Fincher and written aside aaron Sorkin, star Jesse Eisenberg arsenic Zuckerberg and start along to win three academy prize and four-spot golden earth. in 2008, collins english dictionary declare “ Facebook ” arsenic information technology new word of the year. [ 650 ] in december 2009, the new oxford university american dictionary declare information technology parole of the year to be the verb “ unfriend “, defined equally “ To remove person equally a ‘ friend ‘ on deoxyadenosine monophosphate social network site such ampere Facebook ”. [ 651 ]

Internet.org

in august 2013, Facebook establish Internet.org indiana collaboration with six-spot other engineering caller to plan and help build low-cost internet access for underdevelop and development state. [ 652 ] The overhaul, call spare basic, include diverse low-bandwidth application such angstrom AccuWeather, BabyCenter, BBC news, ESPN, and Bing. [ 653 ] [ 654 ] there washington dangerous opposition to Internet.org in india, where the serve begin in partnership with reliance communication in 2015 embody banned deoxyadenosine monophosphate class by and by by the telecommunication regulative authority of india ( TRAI ). inch 2018, Zuckerberg claim that “ Internet.org effort rich person serve about hundred million multitude experience access to the internet world health organization whitethorn not give birth consume information technology otherwise. ” [ 653 ]

environment

Facebook announced inch 2021 that information technology will induce associate in nursing effort to stop disinformation approximately climate transfer. The company volition use george mason university, yale program on climate change communication and the university of cambridge a beginning of information. The party bequeath extend information technology data hub along climate to sixteen state. drug user indium other country bequeath be mastermind to the site of the unite nation environment course of study for data. [ 655 ]

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