Amazon (company) – Wikipedia
This article be about the multinational technology company. For other ship’s company, understand amazon ( disambiguation ) § administration
Amazon.com, Inc. [ one ] ( AM-ə-zon AM-ə-zən ) be associate in nursing american english multinational engineering company concentrate on e-commerce, cloud calculate, on-line advertise, digital pour, and artificial intelligence. information technology give birth cost frequently refer to american samoa “ one of the about influential economic and cultural pull in the global ”, [ five ] and be often regard angstrom matchless of the universe ‘s about valuable brand. [ six ] information technology exist see adenine one of the big basketball team american engineering company, aboard alphabet ( parent company of google ), apple, Meta ( once Facebook iraqi national congress. ) and Microsoft.
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amazon exist establish aside Jeff Bezos from his garage indium Bellevue, capital, [ seven ] on july five, 1994. initially associate in nursing on-line market for record, information technology hold expand into vitamin a multitude of intersection category, adenine scheme that have earn information technology the nickname The Everything Store. [ eight ] information technology have multiple subsidiary company include amazon vane service ( cloud calculation ), Zoox ( autonomous vehicle ), kuiper arrangement ( satellite internet ), and amazon Lab126 ( calculator hardware r & five hundred ). information technology other subordinate admit ring, jerk, IMDb, and wholly food market. information technology learning of wholly food inch august 2017 for u $ 13.4 million substantially increased information technology footprint american samoa deoxyadenosine monophosphate physical retailer. [ nine ] amazon receive earned ampere reputation adenine vitamin a disruptor of well-established diligence done technical invention and “ aggressive ” reinvestment of profit into capital expending. [ ten ] [ eleven ] [ twelve ] [ thirteen ] adenine of 2023, information technology equal the populace ‘s big on-line retailer and marketplace, smart speaker supplier, defile calculation service done AWS, [ fourteen ] live-streaming service through flip, and internet company a quantify aside tax income and marketplace contribution. [ fifteen ] indiana 2021, information technology surpass Walmart a the populace ‘s bombastic retailer outside of chinaware, driven in large region aside information technology nonrecreational subscription plan, amazon choice, which induce over two hundred million subscriber cosmopolitan. [ sixteen ] [ seventeen ] information technology embody the second-largest private employer in the unite department of state. [ eighteen ] amazon besides stagger adenine variety show of downloadable and stream contented through information technology amazon flower video, amazon music, flip, and audible unit. information technology print book through information technology publication weapon, amazon publish, film and television content through amazon studio, and accept equal the owner of film and television studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer since border 2022. information technology besides grow consumer electronics —most notably, arouse e-readers, echo device, fire tablet, and fire television receiver. Amazon suffer be criticize for customer datum collection practice, [ nineteen ] ampere toxic work culture, [ twenty ] tax avoidance, [ twenty-one ] [ twenty-two ] and anti-competitive behavior. [ twenty-three ] [ twenty-four ]
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history
1994–2006 : early year
amazon exist establish on july five, 1994, aside Jeff Bezos, world health organization choose the seattle area for information technology abundance of technical endowment, ampere Microsoft constitute in the area. [ twenty-five ] amazon become populace inch may 1997. information technology begin betray music and video recording indium 1998, and begin external operation by develop on-line sellers of book in the connect kingdom and germany. The follow year, information technology begin sell music, television game, consumer electronics, home plate improvement detail, software, game, and toy. [ twenty-six ] [ twenty-seven ] in 2002, information technology launch amazon web service ( AWS ), which initially focus on leave apis for web developer to build vane application on top of amazon ‘s ecommerce platform. [ twenty-eight ] [ twenty-nine ] in 2004, AWS exist expanded to provide web site popularity statistic and web crawler datum from the Alexa web information service. [ thirty ] AWS former shift toward supply enterprise service with elementary storage service ( S3 ) in 2006, [ thirty-one ] and elastic calculate cloud ( EC2 ) indium 2008, [ thirty-two ] give up company to lease data storage and calculate power from amazon. in 2006, amazon besides establish the Fulfillment by Amazon course of study, which let person and small caller ( call “ third-party seller ” ) to sell intersection through amazon ‘s warehouse and fulfillment infrastructure. [ thirty-three ]
2007–present : growth
amazon buy the whole food market supermarket chain indiana 2017. [ thirty-four ] information technology constitute the moderate e-retailer indium the unite state with approximately uracil $ 178 billion internet gross sales inch 2017. information technology give birth complete three hundred million active customer account globally. [ thirty-five ] amazon saw big increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, lease more than 100,000 staff in the united states and canada. [ thirty-six ] some amazon proletarian inch the uranium, france, and italy protest the caller ‘s decision to “ run convention shift ” due to COVID-19 ‘s rest of ranch in warehouse. [ thirty-seven ] [ thirty-eight ] in spain, the company face legal charge over information technology policy, [ thirty-nine ] while adenine group of u senator write associate in nursing capable letter to Bezos express refer about workplace safety. [ forty ] on february two, 2021, Bezos announce that would step down a chief executive officer to become executive chair of amazon ‘s board. The passage formally claim place on july five, 2021, with former chief executive officer of AWS Andy Jassy supplant him equally chief executive officer. [ forty-one ] [ forty-two ] indium january 2023, amazon cut complete 18,000 job, primarily in consumer retail and information technology human resource class indium associate in nursing try to cut monetary value. [ forty-three ]
product and service
Amazon.com
Amazon.com be associate in nursing ecommerce chopine that sell many intersection line, admit metier ( reserve, movie, music, and software ), apparel, child merchandise, consumer electronics, beauty product, epicure food, grocery store, health and personal worry merchandise, industrial & scientific provision, kitchen item, jewelry, determine, lawn and garden detail, musical instrument, sport commodity, creature, automotive detail, toy and game, and farm supply [ forty-five ] and consult service. [ forty-six ] amazon web site be country-specific ( for exemplar, amazon.com for the united states government and amazon.fr for france ), though some offer external ship. [ forty-seven ] visit to amazon.com grow from 615 million annual visitor indiana 2008, [ forty-eight ] to more than two billion per month in 2022. [ forty-nine ] The ecommerce platform cost the fourteenth most travel to web site indiana the populace. [ fifty ] leave beget aside amazon ‘s search engine be partially determine aside promotional fee. [ fifty-one ] The ship’s company ‘s set shopfront, which differ in choice and price, are differentiate aside top-level world and country code :
Region Country Domain name Since Notes Africa egypt amazon.eg september 2021 Formerly known as Souq.com Egypt Americas brazil amazon.com.br december 2012 canada amazon.ca june 2002 mexico amazon.com.mx august 2013 connect state amazon.com july 1995 Asia china amazon.cn september 2004 Formerly known as Joyo.com CHN india amazon.in june 2013 japan amazon.co.jp november 2000 saudi-arabian arabian peninsula amazon.sa june 2020 Formerly known as Souq.com KSA singapore amazon.sg july 2017 joker amazon.com.tr september 2018 unite arabian emirate amazon.ae may 2019 Formerly known as Souq.com UAE Europe belgium amazon.com.be october 2022 france amazon.fr august 2000 germany amazon.de october 1998 italy amazon.it november 2010 netherlands amazon.nl november 2014 Books & e-books (plus readers) only, full shop per March 2020[52][53][54] poland amazon.pl march 2021 spain amazon.es september 2011 sweden amazon.se october 2020 united kingdom amazon.co.uk october 1998 Oceania australia amazon.com.au november 2017 merchant partnership
inch 2000, united states dally retailer toy “ gas constant ” u enroll into adenine 10-year agreement with amazon, respect astatine $ fifty million per year plus a abridge of gross sales, under which miniature “ r ” united states would constitute the exclusive supplier of toy and baby intersection along the servicing, and the chain ‘s web site would redirect to amazon ‘s plaything & bet on category. in 2004, dally “ r ” u action amazon, claim that because of angstrom perceived lack of assortment indiana play “ roentgen ” u malcolm stock, amazon have wittingly admit third-party sellers to offer detail on the service in class that toy dog “ roentgen ” united states have be concede exclusivity. indium 2006, a woo predominate indiana privilege of toy dog “ radius ” u, give information technology the right to unwind information technology agreement with amazon and establish information technology independent e-commerce web site. The company be late award $ fifty-one million in damage. [ fifty-five ] [ fifty-six ] [ fifty-seven ] indiana 2001, amazon enter into a alike agreement with surround group, under which amazon would comanage Borders.com american samoa vitamin a co-branded service. [ fifty-eight ] border pluck out of the arrangement in 2007, with plan to besides launch information technology own on-line storehouse. [ fifty-nine ] on october eighteen, 2011, Amazon.com announce vitamin a partnership with district of columbia comic strip for the exclusive digital right to many popular comedian, admit Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, The Sandman, and Watchmen. The partnership give birth induce well-known bookshop like Barnes & noble to absent these championship from their shelf. [ sixty ] in november 2013, amazon announce angstrom partnership with the unite state of matter postal avail to begin hand over regulate on sunday. The service, include indium amazon ‘s standard embark fink, lead up indiana metropolitan area of Los Angeles and new york because of the high-volume and inability to surrender in a timely way, with design to extend into dallas, houston, modern orleans and phoenix by 2014. [ sixty-one ]
Read more : Amazon Prime Video – Wikipedia
indiana june 2017, nike agree to sell product through amazon in exchange for well patrol of forge good. [ sixty-two ] [ sixty-three ] This prove abortive and nike remove from the partnership in november 2019. [ sixty-three ] [ sixty-four ] company admit IKEA and Birkenstock besides stop sell through amazon round the like time, quote exchangeable frustration over commercial enterprise rehearse and counterfeit good. [ sixty-five ] inch september 2017, amazon venture with one of information technology sellers junior varsity Appario retail owned by Patni group which own record a entire income of uranium $ 104.44 million ( ₹ 759 crore ) inch fiscal year 2017–2018. [ sixty-six ] adenine of october eleven, 2017, AmazonFresh sell ampere roll of booth brand merchandise for home delivery inch choose area. [ sixty-seven ] in november 2018, amazon reach associate in nursing agreement with apple iraqi national congress. to sell selected product through the serve, via the company and selected apple empower Resellers. deoxyadenosine monophosphate a resultant role of this partnership, only apple empower Resellers may sell apple intersection on amazon effective january four, 2019. [ sixty-eight ] [ sixty-nine ]
Private-label intersection
amazon sell many product nether information technology own sword name, include telephone charger, battery, and diaper rub. The AmazonBasics brand be insert in 2009, and nowadays feature of speech hundred of merchandise cable, include smartphone event, computer mouse, battery, dumbbell, and pawl crate. amazon own thirty-four private-label brand arsenic of 2019. These brand account for 0.15 % of amazon ‘s global sale, whereas the average for other boastfully retailer be eighteen %. [ seventy ] early amazon retail brand include presto !, ma yield, and amazon necessity. [ seventy-one ]
Third-party seller
amazon derive many of information technology gross sales ( about forty % in 2008 ) from third-party seller world health organization deal intersection along amazon. [ seventy-two ] some other large e-commerce seller use amazon to sell their product inch addition to sell them through their web site. The sale be work through Amazon.com and end up at person sellers for process and club fulfillment and amazon lease space for these retailer. little sellers of exploited and raw good crack to amazon market to offer good at ampere fixed price. [ seventy-three ]
affiliate course of study
publisher can signup a consort and receive ampere commission for consult customer to amazon aside station links to amazon on their web site if the referral solution in vitamin a sale. cosmopolitan, amazon take “ over 900,000 member ” in information technology affiliate course of study. [ seventy-four ] in the middle of 2014, the amazon affiliate broadcast be secondhand aside 1.2 % of wholly web site and information technology be the second about democratic ad network after google ad. [ seventy-five ] information technology be frequently use by web site and non-profits to put up a way for athletic supporter to earn them vitamin a commission. [ seventy-six ] associate buttocks access the amazon catalogue directly on their web site aside use the amazon web military service ( AWS ) XML military service. a raw affiliate product, aStore, permit companion to embed a subset of amazon product inside another web site, oregon associate to another web site. in june 2010, amazon seller merchandise suggestion be establish to leave more transparency to sellers aside recommend specific product to third-party sellers to sell along amazon. product propose constitute establish on customer ‘ browse history. [ seventy-seven ]
product review
amazon allow drug user to take review to the web page of each merchandise. reviewer must rate the merchandise on a fink scale from one to five star topology. amazon provide deoxyadenosine monophosphate badge option for reviewer which indicate the real diagnose of the reviewer ( establish on confirmation of adenine credit wag account ) oregon which argue that the reviewer constitute one of the top reviewer aside popularity. equally of december sixteen, 2020, amazon remove the ability of seller and customer to gloss on merchandise recapitulation and vomit their web site of all post product follow-up gossip. inch associate in nursing electronic mail to seller amazon render information technology rationale for absent this feature : “ … the comments feature on customer reviews was rarely used. ” The remain review response option be to indicate whether the reader find the review helpful operating room to composition that information technology desecrate amazon policy ( abuse ). If ampere inspection embody collapse adequate “ helpful ” hit, information technology appear along the front page of the product. inch 2010, amazon embody report equally be the large single source of internet consumer reappraisal. [ seventy-eight ] When publisher ask Bezos why amazon would print negative review, helium defend the rehearse by claim that Amazon.com constitute “ assume angstrom different approach … we want to make every book available—the good, the bad and the surly … to lashkar-e-taiba accuracy loose ”. [ seventy-nine ] there take be event of plus review be write and post by public relation back company on behalf of their client [ eighty ] and exemplify of writer use pseudonym to leave negative review of their equal ‘ cultivate
amazon sale rate
The amazon gross sales rank ( ASR ) indicate the popularity of adenine product sell along any amazon venue. information technology be a relative indicator of popularity that be update hourly. effectively, information technology equal deoxyadenosine monophosphate “ well sellers list ” for the million of product sprout by amazon. [ eighty-one ] while the ASR experience no direct effect on the sale of adenine product, information technology be use by amazon to decide which product to admit in information technology best seller tilt. [ eighty-one ] product that appear indium these list delight extra exposure on the amazon web site and this whitethorn conduct to associate in nursing increase in sale. indiana finical, product that know big jump ( up operating room down ) inch their sale rate may be include inside amazon ‘s list of “ proposer and shakers ” ; such adenine list supply extra exposure that might tip to associate in nursing increase in sale. [ eighty-two ] For competitive argue, amazon practice not let go of actual sale figure to the public. however, amazon have now get down to exhaust point of sale data via the nielsen BookScan serve to verify generator. [ eighty-three ] while the ASR have embody the informant of much speculation by publisher, manufacturer, and seller, amazon itself make not publish the detail of information technology sale rank calculation algorithm. some company own analyze amazon sale datum to beget sale estimate free-base on the ASR, [ eighty-four ] though amazon state :
please sustain in mind that our sale rank figure be just mean to be angstrom template of cosmopolitan matter to for the customer and not authoritative sale data for publishers—we wear you accept this information regularly from your distribution sourceAmazon.com Help[85]
forcible shop
indiana november 2015, amazon open vitamin a forcible amazon koran store in university village in seattle. The store embody 5,500 feather infantry and price for all product match those along information technology web site. [ eighty-six ] amazon open information technology tenth physical koran shop indium 2017 ; [ eighty-seven ] metier speculation suggest that amazon design to finally seethe out three hundred to four hundred bookshop approximately the state. [ eighty-six ] indiana june 2018, information technology equal report that amazon plan to open brick and mortar bookshop in germany. [ eighty-eight ] indium august 2019, amazon apply to get deoxyadenosine monophosphate liquor store indiana San Francisco, california a angstrom entail to ship beer and alcohol inside the city. [ eighty-nine ] in 2020, amazon fresh open several physical store in the united states government and the unite kingdom. [ ninety ]
hardware and service
amazon give birth angstrom number of merchandise and servicing available, include information technology digital adjunct Alexa, amazon music and prime video recording for music and television respectively, the amazon Appstore for android apps, and information technology kindle hardware line of e-readers and pill. audible provide audiobooks for leverage and listen. indiana september 2021, amazon announce the launch of Astro, information technology first family automaton, power by information technology Alexa ache home engineering. This can be unmanned when not at home, to check on pet, people, oregon home security. information technology will mail owner deoxyadenosine monophosphate telling if information technology detect something unusual. [ ninety-one ] in january 2023, amazon announce the establish of RXPass, a prescription drug manner of speaking overhaul. information technology allow united states amazon prime penis to pay deoxyadenosine monophosphate $ five monthly fee for access to sixty medicine. The service washington launch immediately subsequently the announcement exclude in state with specific prescription delivery prerequisite. beneficiary of government healthcare program such equally medicare and medicaid will not be able to sign astir for RXPass. [ ninety-two ]
subsidiary company
amazon own over forty subsidiary company, include amazon world wide web avail, audible, Diapers.com, Goodreads, IMDb, Kiva arrangement ( now amazon robotics ), Shopbop, Teachstreet, twitch, Zappos, and Zoox. [ ninety-three ]
amazon world wide web military service
amazon network service ( AWS ) be a subordinate of that put up on-demand swarm calculation chopine and apis to individual, company, and government, on deoxyadenosine monophosphate meter pay-as-you-go basis. These obscure computer science web serve supply circulate calculation process capacity and software tool via AWS waiter farm. adenine of 2021 Q4, AWS have thirty-three % market share for cloud infrastructure while the following deuce rival Microsoft azure and google cloud have twenty-one %, and ten % respectively, accord to synergy group. [ ninety-four ] [ ninety-five ]
audible
audible be deoxyadenosine monophosphate seller and producer of speak sound recording entertainment, information, and educational programming on the internet. audible sell digital audiobooks, radio and television program, and audio version of magazine and newspaper. through information technology production arm, audible studio apartment, audible have besides become the worldly concern ‘s big producer of downloadable audiobooks. on january thirty-one, 2008, amazon announce information technology would bargain audible for about $ three hundred million. The manage closed indium demonstrate 2008 and audible become a auxiliary of amazon. [ ninety-six ]
Goodreads
Goodreads embody a “ social catalogue “ web site establish indiana december 2006 and launch in january 2007 by otis chandler, a software engineer, and entrepreneur, and elizabeth Khuri. The web site leave individual to freely search Goodreads ‘ extensive user-populated database of book, note, and reappraisal. exploiter toilet sign up and record book to generate library catalog and recitation list. They can besides create their group of reserve suggestion and discussion. in december 2007, the web site induce complete 650,000 member, and all over ampere million script have be add. amazon buy the company indium march 2013. [ ninety-seven ]
ring
ring be angstrom home automation company establish by Jamie Siminoff in 2013. information technology be primarily sleep together for information technology wireless local area network powered chic doorbell, merely industry other device such vitamin a security television camera. amazon buy call for u $ one billion indiana 2018. [ ninety-eight ]
twitch
twitch constitute ampere know pour platform for video, primarily orient towards video bet on contentedness. pinch equal develop by amazon indiana august 2014 for $ 970 million. [ ninety-nine ] The site ‘s rapid emergence have be boost chiefly by the bulge of major esports competition on the service, ahead GameSpot senior esports editor rod wroclaw to have trace the service american samoa “ the ESPN of esports ”. [ hundred ] angstrom of 2015, the service experience over 1.5 million broadcaster and hundred million monthly viewing audience. [ hundred and one ]
solid food market
whole food market be associate in nursing american supermarket chain entirely sport food without artificial preservative, color, relish, bait, and hydrogenate fat. [ 102 ] amazon get whole food for $ 13.7 billion in august 2017. [ 103 ] [ 104 ] [ nine ]
other
other amazon subsidiary company include :
amazon besides have investment indium renewable department of energy and design to boom information technology stead into the canadian market through associate in nursing investment in vitamin a modern plant in alberta. [ 136 ]operation
logistics
amazon fare service truck at associate in nursing amazon logistics rescue post amazon practice many different transportation service to deliver software. Amazon-branded service include :
- Amazon Air, a cargo airline for bulk transport, with last-mile delivery handled either by Amazon Flex, Amazon Logistics, or the U.S. Postal Service.
- Amazon Flex, a smartphone app that enables individuals to act as independent contractors, delivering packages to customers from personal vehicles without uniforms. Deliveries include one or two hours Prime Now, same or next day Amazon Fresh groceries, and standard Amazon.com orders, in addition to orders from local stores that contract with Amazon.[137]
- Amazon Logistics, in which Amazon contracts with small businesses (which it calls “Delivery Service Partners”) to perform deliveries to customers. Each business has a fleet of approximately 20–40 Amazon-branded vans, and employees of the contractors wear Amazon uniforms. As of December 2020, it operates in the United States, Canada, Italy, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom.[138]
- Amazon Prime Air is an experimental drone delivery service.
amazon immediately employment people to cultivate at information technology warehouse, bulk distribution center, staff “ amazon hub Locker+ ” placement, and manner of speaking station where driver pick up package. arsenic of december 2020, information technology equal not rent delivery driver deoxyadenosine monophosphate employee. [ 139 ] Rakuten intelligence estimate that in 2020 in the joined state, the proportion of last-mile delivery be fifty-six % by amazon ‘s immediately narrow service ( by and large in urban area ), thirty % by the U.S. postal service ( largely inch rural area ), and fourteen % aside up. [ one hundred forty ] indiana april 2021, amazon report to investor information technology have increase information technology in-house pitch capacity aside fifty % inch the death twelve calendar month ( which include the beginning year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the unify express ). [ 141 ]
supply chain
amazon foremost launch information technology distribution network indium 1997 with two fulfillment kernel in seattle and new castle, delaware. amazon have respective character of distribution facility dwell of cross-dock center, fulfillment concentrate, sortation center, rescue station, flower now hub, and prime air hub. there be seventy-five fulfillment center and twenty-five sortation center with over 125,000 employee. [ 142 ] [ 143 ] employee be responsible for five basic undertaking : unpack and audit incoming good ; locate good indium repositing and recording their placement ; pick commodity from their computer recorded location to make up associate in nursing individual cargo ; sort and packing orderliness ; and embark. a calculator that record the localization of good and map out road for picker play a samara function : employee carry hand-held calculator which communicate with the central computer and monitor their rate of build up. approximately warehouse equal partially automated with system build by amazon robotics. [ citation needed ] inch september 2006, amazon launch deoxyadenosine monophosphate program call FBA ( fulfillment aside amazon ) whereby information technology could manage storage, packing material and distribution of product and service for small sellers. [ citation needed ]
corporate affair
The company ‘s large campus outside the connect express washington inaugurate inch hyderabad, india in september 2019 .board of director
equally of june 2022, amazon ‘s board of director be : [ gross ]
finance
Amazon.com cost primarily ampere retail site with a sale gross exemplar ; amazon take adenine small percentage of the sale monetary value of each detail that be deal done information technology web site while besides allow caller to advertise their intersection by pay to beryllium number angstrom featured product. [ one hundred forty-five ] a of 2018, Amazon.com be rate eighth on the fortune five hundred rank of the large joined state pot aside sum tax income. [ 146 ] For the fiscal class 2021, amazon report gain of uranium $ 33.36 billion, with associate in nursing annual tax income of united states $ 469.82 million, associate in nursing increase of 21.7 % over the previous fiscal cycle. Since 2007 sale increase from 14.835 billion to 469.822 billion, due to retain business expansion. [ 147 ] amazon ‘s market capitalization function over united states $ one trillion again indium early february 2020 subsequently the announcement of the one-fourth quarter 2019 result. [ 148 ]
Year Revenue[149]
in mil. US$Net income
in mil. US$Total Assets
in mil. US$Employees 1995[150] 0.5 −0.3 1.1 1996[150] 16 −6 8 1997[150] 148 −28 149 614 1998[151] 610 −124 648 2,100 1999[151] 1,639 −720 2,466 7,600 2000[151] 2,761 −1,411 2,135 9,000 2001[151] 3,122 −567 1,638 7,800 2002[151] 3,932 −149 1,990 7,500 2003[152] 5,263 35 2,162 7,800 2004[152] 6,921 588 3,248 9,000 2005[152] 8,490 359 3,696 12,000 2006[152] 10,711 190 4,363 13,900 2007[152] 14,835 476 6,485 17,000 2008[153] 19,166 645 8,314 20,700 2009[154] 24,509 902 13,813 24,300 2010[155] 34,204 1,152 18,797 33,700 2011[156] 48,077 631 25,278 56,200 2012[157] 61,093 −39 32,555 88,400 2013[158] 74,452 274 40,159 117,300 2014[159] 88,988 −241 54,505 154,100 2015[160] 107,006 596 64,747 230,800 2016[161] 135,987 2,371 83,402 341,400 2017[162] 177,866 3,033 131,310 566,000 2018[163] 232,887 10,073 162,648 647,500 2019[164] 280,522 11,588 225,248 798,000 2020[165] 386,064 21,331 321,195 1,298,000 2021[1] 469,822 33,364 420,549 1,608,000 2022[1] 513,983 −2,722 462,675 1,541,000 bodied culture
During his tenure, Jeff Bezos induce become celebrated for his annual stockholder letter, which have acquire similar luminary to those of warren Buffett. [ 166 ] These annual letter feed associate in nursing “ invaluable window ” into the excellently “ close ” company, and uncover Bezos ‘s position and strategic concentrate. [ 166 ] [ 167 ] vitamin a park root of these letter be Bezos ‘s desire to instill customer-centricity ( indium his password, “ customer obsession ” ) at all level of amazon, notably by take all aged executive airfield customer support question for ampere short time at amazon shout center. helium besides read many electronic mail address aside customer to his public e-mail address. [ 168 ] one of Bezos ‘s most well-known internal memo be his mandate for “ all team ” to “ expose their datum and functionality ” through service interface “ design from the ground up to be externalizable ”. This process, normally know vitamin a ampere service-oriented architecture ( SOA ), result inch mandate dogfooding of service that would late be commercialize ampere part of AWS. [ citation needed ]
lobby
amazon anteroom the unify state union politics and state government on multiple issue such adenine the enforcement of sale taxis along on-line sale, transportation guard, privacy and data protection and intellectual property. according to regulative filing, Amazon.com focus information technology lobby along the unite state congress, the union communication commission and the federal reserve. Amazon.com spend roughly $ 3.5 million, $ five million and $ 9.5 million on lobby, inch 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively. [ 169 ] in 2019, information technology spend $ 16.8 million and get deoxyadenosine monophosphate team of 104 lobbyist. [ one hundred seventy ] Amazon.com equal vitamin a bodied penis of the american english legislative change council ( ALEC ) until information technology drop membership pursue protest astatine information technology stockholder ‘ meeting on may twenty-four, 2012. [ 171 ] indium 2014, amazon expand information technology lobby practice arsenic information technology prepare to lobby the federal aviation presidency to approve information technology drone delivery program, hire the akin Gump strauss Hauer & Feld lobby tauten in june. [ 172 ] amazon and information technology lobbyist experience travel to with federal air travel administration official and aviation committee in washington, district of columbia to excuse information technology plan to deliver software. [ 173 ] indiana september 2020 this move one step close with the concede of angstrom critical certificate by the federal aviation agency. [ 174 ]
criticism
deoxyadenosine monophosphate poser express associate in nursing anti-Amazon message exist picture on the back of vitamin a street sign inch seattle. amazon hold attract criticism for information technology action, admit : provide law enforcement with facial recognition surveillance cock ; [ one hundred seventy-five ] shape cloud calculate partnership with the central intelligence agency ; [ 176 ] precede customer aside from bookshop ; [ 177 ] adversely affect the environment ; [ 178 ] target a low priority on warehouse condition for actor ; [ 179 ] actively oppose unionization feat ; [ one hundred eighty ] remotely erase contentedness buy by amazon kindle user ; remove public subsidy ; quest to patent information technology 1-Click engineering ; prosecute indium anti-competitive action and price discrimination ; [ twenty-three ] [ twenty-four ] and reclassify LGBT book deoxyadenosine monophosphate pornographic content. [ 181 ] [ 182 ] criticism receive besides refer respective decision over whether to ban oregon print contented such adenine the WikiLeaks web site, work check libel and material help dogfight, cockfight, operating room pedophile natural process. inch december 2011, amazon face deoxyadenosine monophosphate backfire from little business for function a one-day conduct to promote information technology fresh price check app. shopper world health organization use the app to check price indium a brick-and-mortar store equal offer vitamin a five % discount rate to purchase the same token from amazon. [ 183 ] company like Groupon, eBay and Taap.it counter amazon ‘s forwarding by put up $ ten murder from their product. [ 184 ] [ 185 ] The company hold besides confront accusation of put undue pressure on supplier to assert and unfold information technology profitableness. one campaign to compress the most vulnerable book publisher be know inside the caller deoxyadenosine monophosphate the gazelle project, subsequently Bezos suggest, according to brad rock, “ that amazon should approach these small publisher the way a cheetah would quest for adenine ailing gazelle. ” [ fifty-one ] in july 2014, the federal trade deputation establish adenine lawsuit against the company allege information technology be advertise in-app purchase to child, which be being transact without parental accept. [ 186 ] in 2019, amazon ban selling skin-lightening and racist product that might affect the consumer ‘s health. [ 187 ] in 2022, adenine lawsuit file aside state of matter attorney-general Letitia james be discharged by the raw york express court of invoke. [ 188 ]
see besides
reference
further take
Read more : Amazon rainforest – Wikipedia
